{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:23:39Z","timestamp":1760232219503,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City","award":["SCKJ-JYRC-2022-46","SCKJ-JYRC-2022-45","422MS091","42074135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCKJ-JYRC-2022-46","SCKJ-JYRC-2022-45","422MS091","42074135"]}]},{"name":"Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["SCKJ-JYRC-2022-46","SCKJ-JYRC-2022-45","422MS091","42074135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCKJ-JYRC-2022-46","SCKJ-JYRC-2022-45","422MS091","42074135"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SCKJ-JYRC-2022-46","SCKJ-JYRC-2022-45","422MS091","42074135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCKJ-JYRC-2022-46","SCKJ-JYRC-2022-45","422MS091","42074135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Underwater target detection and identification technology are currently two of the most important research directions in the information disciplines. Traditionally, underwater target detection technology has struggled to meet the needs of current engineering. However, due to the large manifold error of the underwater sonar array and the complexity of ensuring long-term signal stability, traditional high-resolution array signal processing methods are not ideal for practical underwater applications. In conventional beamforming methods, when the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than \u221243.05 dB, the general direction can only be vaguely identified in the general direction. To address the above challenges, this paper proposes a beamforming method based on a deep neural network. Through preprocessing, the space-time domain of the target sound signal is converted into two-dimensional data in the angle-time domain. Subsequently, we trained the network with enough sample datasets. Finally, high-resolution recognition and prediction of two-dimensional images are realized. The results of the test dataset in this paper demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, with a minimum signal-to-noise ratio of \u221248 dB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22207909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T00:31:01Z","timestamp":1666053061000},"page":"7909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Deblurring of Sound Source Orientation Recognition Based on Deep Neural Network"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9238-7908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301127, China"},{"name":"Explosion and Seismic Sensing Research Center, Advanced Technology Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301127, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4518-6502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haoran","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301127, China"},{"name":"Explosion and Seismic Sensing Research Center, Advanced Technology Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301127, China"},{"name":"Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0090-7572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiruo","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301127, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5511-4871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liurong","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301127, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaolin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingyun","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Explosion and Seismic Sensing Research Center, Advanced Technology Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301127, China"},{"name":"College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301127, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weitao","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Explosion and Seismic Sensing Research Center, Advanced Technology Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301127, China"},{"name":"Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, L., Jin, C., and Zhang, S. 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