{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T23:19:05Z","timestamp":1776381545062,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cReHome\u2014Soluzioni ICT per la tele-riabilitazione di disabilit\u00e0 cognitive e motorie originate da patologie neurologiche\u201d","award":["POR F.E.S.R. 2014\/2020\u2014Piattaforma Tecnologica Salute e Benessere from Regione Piemonte (Italy)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POR F.E.S.R. 2014\/2020\u2014Piattaforma Tecnologica Salute e Benessere from Regione Piemonte (Italy)"]}]},{"name":"Department of Excellence Grant of the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research to the \u2019Rita Levi Montalcini\u2019 Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy","award":["POR F.E.S.R. 2014\/2020\u2014Piattaforma Tecnologica Salute e Benessere from Regione Piemonte (Italy)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POR F.E.S.R. 2014\/2020\u2014Piattaforma Tecnologica Salute e Benessere from Regione Piemonte (Italy)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Motor impairments are among the most relevant, evident, and disabling symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease that adversely affect quality of life, resulting in limited autonomy, independence, and safety. Recent studies have demonstrated the benefits of physiotherapy and rehabilitation programs specifically targeted to the needs of Parkinsonian patients in supporting drug treatments and improving motor control and coordination. However, due to the expected increase in patients in the coming years, traditional rehabilitation pathways in healthcare facilities could become unsustainable. Consequently, new strategies are needed, in which technologies play a key role in enabling more frequent, comprehensive, and out-of-hospital follow-up. The paper proposes a vision-based solution using the new Azure Kinect DK sensor to implement an integrated approach for remote assessment, monitoring, and rehabilitation of Parkinsonian patients, exploiting non-invasive 3D tracking of body movements to objectively and automatically characterize both standard evaluative motor tasks and virtual exergames. An experimental test involving 20 parkinsonian subjects and 15 healthy controls was organized. Preliminary results show the system\u2019s ability to quantify specific and statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05) features of motor performance, easily monitor changes as the disease progresses over time, and at the same time permit the use of exergames in virtual reality both for training and as a support for motor condition assessment (for example, detecting an average reduction in arm swing asymmetry of about 14% after arm training). The main innovation relies precisely on the integration of evaluative and rehabilitative aspects, which could be used as a closed loop to design new protocols for remote management of patients tailored to their actual conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22218173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]],"date-time":"2022-10-26T07:17:48Z","timestamp":1666768668000},"page":"8173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Assessment Tasks and Virtual Exergames for Remote Monitoring of Parkinson\u2019s Disease: An Integrated Approach Based on Azure Kinect"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4061-8211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Amprimo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, National Research Council, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Masi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10100 Torino, Italy"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Priano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10100 Torino, Italy"},{"name":"Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Strada Luigi Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo, Italy"}]},{"given":"Corrado","family":"Azzaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Strada Luigi Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo, Italy"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Strada Luigi Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0547-0143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Pettiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, National Research Council, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9072-7454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Mauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10100 Torino, Italy"},{"name":"Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Strada Luigi Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5381-4794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Ferraris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, National Research Council, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00030-2","article-title":"Challenges in the diagnosis of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Tolosa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Church, F. (2021). Treatment Options for Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s Disease. 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