{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T20:22:30Z","timestamp":1770754950029,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,4]],"date-time":"2022-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","award":["2022JJ50254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ50254"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","award":["62201207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62201207"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","award":["kq2202171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kq2202171"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022JJ50254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ50254"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62201207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62201207"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["kq2202171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kq2202171"]}]},{"name":"Changsha Natural Science Foundation","award":["2022JJ50254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ50254"]}]},{"name":"Changsha Natural Science Foundation","award":["62201207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62201207"]}]},{"name":"Changsha Natural Science Foundation","award":["kq2202171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kq2202171"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hyperspectral image classification has received a lot of attention in the remote sensing field. However, most classification methods require a large number of training samples to obtain satisfactory performance. In real applications, it is difficult for users to label sufficient samples. To overcome this problem, in this work, a novel multi-scale superpixel-guided structural profile method is proposed for the classification of hyperspectral images. First, the spectral number (of the original image) is reduced with an averaging fusion method. Then, multi-scale structural profiles are extracted with the help of the superpixel segmentation method. Finally, the extracted multi-scale structural profiles are fused with an unsupervised feature selection method followed by a spectral classifier to obtain classification results. Experiments on several hyperspectral datasets verify that the proposed method can produce outstanding classification effects in the case of limited samples compared to other advanced classification methods. The classification accuracies obtained by the proposed method on the Salinas dataset are increased by 43.25%, 31.34%, and 46.82% in terms of overall accuracy (OA), average accuracy (AA), and Kappa coefficient compared to recently proposed deep learning methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22218502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,4]],"date-time":"2022-11-04T09:26:00Z","timestamp":1667553960000},"page":"8502","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Multi-Scale Superpixel-Guided Structural Profiles for Hyperspectral Image Classification"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Nanlan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China"},{"name":"Center for International Education, Philippine Christian University, Manila 1004, Philippines"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International College, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhuojun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5066-4399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Puhong","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2017.11.024","article-title":"Material Based Salient Object Detection from Hyperspectral Images","volume":"76","author":"Liang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1007\/s11431-021-1989-9","article-title":"Self-Supervised Learning-Based Oil Spill Detection of Hyperspectral Images","volume":"65","author":"Duan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. 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