{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:28:06Z","timestamp":1760232486074,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016YFB0500601","51971128","52171185","20XD1401800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFB0500601","51971128","52171185","20XD1401800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2016YFB0500601","51971128","52171185","20XD1401800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFB0500601","51971128","52171185","20XD1401800"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012247","name":"Program of Shanghai Academic\/Technology Research Leader","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016YFB0500601","51971128","52171185","20XD1401800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFB0500601","51971128","52171185","20XD1401800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012247","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In comparison with traditional space infrared spectroscopy technology, the interference signals of a large focal plane array (FPA) can be used to obtain spectra over a larger area range and rapidly achieve large-scale coverage of hyperspectral remote sensing. However, the low signal-to-noise ratio of the interference signals limits the application of spectral data, especially when atmospheric detection occurs in the long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) band. In this paper, we construct an LWIR hyperspectral system of a Fourier transform spectrometer composed of a HgCdTe photovoltaic IR FPA and a Michelson interferometer. The LWIR interference signals are obtained by a high-frequency oversampling technique. We use the Kalman filter (KF) and its improved weighted adaptive Kalman filter (WAKF) to reduce the noise of multiple measured data of each pixel. The effect of overshoot and ringing artifacts on the objective signals is reduced by the WAKF. The applicability is studied by the interference signals from the different sampling frequencies and different pixels. The effectiveness is also verified by comparing the spectra of denoised interferograms with the reference spectrum. The experimental results show that the WAKF algorithm has excellent noise suppression, and the standard deviation of the interferogram can be reduced by 39.50% compared with that of KF. The WAKF is more advantageous in improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the interferogram and spectra. The results indicate that our system can be applied to atmospheric vertical detection and hyperspectral remote sensing over large area ranges because our denoised technique is suitable for large LWIR FPA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22228724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T04:30:52Z","timestamp":1668400252000},"page":"8724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Atmospheric Vertical Detection of Large Area Regions Based on Interference Signal Denoising of Weighted Adaptive Kalman Filter"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7414-7476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiying","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Physics, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 201306, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongsheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Physics, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 201306, China"},{"name":"Institute of Solar Energy, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ren","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Infrared System Detection and Imaging Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1182-4537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhijing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China"},{"name":"School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200082, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaxuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China"},{"name":"School of Physics and Electronic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China"},{"name":"College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"353","article-title":"Sensitivity analysis of the satellite infrared hyperspectral atmospheric sounder GIIRS on FY-4A","volume":"40","author":"Nong","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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