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Two segments of hollow-core fiber (HCF) are connected to the two ends of the four-core fiber (FCF) as a beam splitter and a coupler, and then spliced with two sections of single-mode fibers (lead-in and lead-out SMF), respectively. The two hollow-core fibers can excite the higher-order modes of the four-core fiber and recouple the core modes and higher-order modes into the outgoing single-mode fiber, thereby forming inter-mode interference. The different response sensitivities of two interference dips to RI and temperature manifest that the proposed structure can achieve simultaneous measurement. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the maximum sensitivity of the sensor to RI and temperature is 275.30 nm\/RIU and 94.4 pm\/\u00b0C, respectively. When the wavelength resolution is 0.02 nm, the RI and temperature resolutions of the sensor are 7.74 \u00d7 10\u22125 RIU and 0.335 \u00b0C. The proposed dual-parameter optical sensor has the advantages of high sensitivities, good repeatability, simple fabrication, and structure. In addition, it has potential application value in multi-parameter simultaneous measurement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22228897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T06:11:34Z","timestamp":1668751894000},"page":"8897","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Simultaneous Measurement of Refractive Index and Temperature Based on SMF\u2013HCF\u2013FCF\u2013HCF\u2013SMF Fiber Structure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6530-7762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronghui","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Photonics Research Center, School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing, Guilin University of Electronics Technology, Guilin 541004, 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