{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:33:26Z","timestamp":1780472006635,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Actuator, mostly valve, wearing is an important factor of the overall industrial control system operational cost. Actuator operational wear strongly depends on its operation. Highly utilized elements have a tendency to degrade faster. Therefore, the maintenance teams prefer to minimize their moves. In contrary, control engineers need the actuators to actively operate in their control loops to mitigate disturbances and follow the desired trajectories. Higher control performance is often achieved with an active use of actuators. Control loop quality depends on the controller setup and loop auxiliary functionality. Properly designed filtering not only facilitates controller action, but also impacts actuator operational wear. Industrial control templates are built using the blockware that is embedded in the existing control system. Distributed control system (DCS) and programmable logic controller (PLC) have a limited number of control algorithms. An engineer has to design the control structure and the associated sensor noise filtering using available functionality. This paper evaluates and measures the impact of noise filtering on the loop performance and on the actuator weariness. Relations between noise filtering time constant, loop performance and valve travel deliver recommendations for control engineers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22228910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T06:11:34Z","timestamp":1668751894000},"page":"8910","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Improving Actuator Wearing Using Noise Filtering"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4053-3330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142 D.","family":"Doma\u0144ski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Control and Computation Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Nowowiejska 15\/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Garrido, A. (2018, October 17). Filter Out the Noise: Strategies to Avoid Excessive Data and Spikes. Available online: https:\/\/www.controleng.com\/articles\/filter-out-the-noise-strategies-to-avoid-excessive-data-and-spikes\/."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Romero Segovia, V. (2014). CPU Resource Management and Noise Filtering for PID Control. [Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Automatic Control, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University]."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"King, M. (2016). Process Control: A Practical Approach, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. 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Process Control Performance Assessment\u2014From Theory to Implementation, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84628-624-7"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doma\u0144ski, P.D. (2020). Control Performance Assessment: Theoretical Analyses and Industrial Practice, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-23593-2"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doma\u0144ski, P.D. (2020). Performance Assessment of Predictive Control\u2014A Survey. Algorithms, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/a13040097"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huber, P.J., and Ronchetti, E.M. (2009). Robust Statistics, Wiley. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470434697"},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Knierim-Dietz, N., Hanel, L., and Lehner, J. (2012). Definition and Verification of the Control Loop Performance for Different Power Plant Types, Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology, University of Stuttgart. 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Proceedings of the IFAC Digital Control: Past, Present and Future of PlD Control, Terrassa, Spain."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/22\/22\/8910\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:20:47Z","timestamp":1760145647000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/22\/22\/8910"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["s22228910"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s22228910","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]}}}