{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T10:21:27Z","timestamp":1778149287449,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2018YFB2100100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB2100100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Energy harvesting (EH) and cooperative communication techniques have been widely used in cognitive radio networks. However, most studies on throughput in energy-harvesting cooperative cognitive radio networks (EH-CCRNs) are end-to-end, which ignores the overall working state of the network. For the above problems, under the premise of prioritizing the communication quality of short-range users, this paper focuses on the optimization of the EH-CCRN average throughput, with energy and transmission power as constraints. The formulated problem was an unsolved non-deterministic polynomial-time hardness (NP-hard) problem. To make it tractable to solve, a multi-user time-power resource allocation algorithm (M-TPRA) is proposed, which is based on sub-gradient descent and unary linear optimization methods. Simulation results show that the M-TPRA algorithm can improve the average throughput of the network. In addition, the energy consumed by executing the M-TPRA algorithm is analyzed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22228921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T06:22:28Z","timestamp":1668752548000},"page":"8921","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Maximizing Average Throughput of Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Energy Harvesting"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6391-6855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiyong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1116-7706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yucheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6980-8639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chengxin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Spectrum Policy Task Force Report","volume":"1","author":"Commission","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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