{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:12:41Z","timestamp":1790701961601,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]],"date-time":"2022-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institute of Information &amp; communications Technology Planning &amp; Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)","award":["IITP-2021-0-02067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IITP-2021-0-02067"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Information &amp; communications Technology Planning &amp; Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)","award":["NRF-2021R1F1A1060816"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1F1A1060816"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)","award":["IITP-2021-0-02067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IITP-2021-0-02067"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)","award":["NRF-2021R1F1A1060816"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1F1A1060816"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Versatile Video Coding (VVC)\/H.266, completed in 2020, provides half the bitrate of the previous video coding standard (i.e., High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)\/H.265) while maintaining the same visual quality. The primary goal of VVC\/H.266 is to achieve a compression capability that is noticeably better than that of HEVC\/H.265, as well as the functionality to support a variety of applications with a single profile. Although VVC\/H.266 has improved its coding performance by incorporating new advanced technologies with flexible partitioning, the increased encoding complexity has become a challenging issue in practical market usage. To address the complexity issue of VVC\/H.266, significant efforts have been expended to develop practical methods for reducing the encoding and decoding processes of VVC\/H.266. In this study, we provide an overview of the VVC\/H.266 standard, and compared with previous video coding standards, examine a key challenge to VVC\/H.266 coding. Furthermore, we survey and present recent technical advances in fast and low-complexity VVC\/H.266, focusing on key technical areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22228990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T04:39:59Z","timestamp":1669005599000},"page":"8990","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Study on Fast and Low-Complexity Algorithms for Versatile Video Coding"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2869-0440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiho","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, September 01). MARKETSANDMARKETS. Available online: https:\/\/www.marketsandmarkets.com\/Market-Reports\/augmented-reality-virtual-reality-market-1185.html."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2022, September 01). CISCO. Available online: http:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/solutions\/collateral\/service-provider\/visual-networking-index-vni\/complete-white-paper-c11-481360.html."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"(1993). Information Technology\u2014Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio for Digital Storage Media at up to About 1,5Mbit\/s\u2014Part 2: Video (Standard No. ISO\/IEC 11172-2)."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"(1995). Information Technology\u2014Generic Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio Information: Video (Standard No. Recommendation ITU-T H.262 and ISO\/IEC 13818-2)."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"(2003). Advanced Video Coding for Generic Audio-Visual Services (Standard No. Recommendation ITU-T H.264 and ISO\/IEC 14496-10 (AVC))."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"(2022, September 01). STATISTA. Available online: https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/710673\/worldwide-video-codecs-containers-share-online\/."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"(2013). High Efficiency Video Coding (Standard No. Recommendation ITU-T H.265 and ISO\/IEC 23008-2 (HEVC))."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ronan, P., Eric, T., and Micka\u00ebl, R. (2018, January 6\u20138). Hybrid broadband\/broadcast ATSC 3.0 SHVC distribution chain. Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB), Valencia, Spain.","DOI":"10.1109\/BMSB.2018.8436752"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Haskell, B.G., Puri, A., and Netravali, A.N. (1996). Digital Video: An Introduction to MPEG-2, Springer Science & Business Media."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2003.815165","article-title":"Overview of the H. 264\/AVC video coding standard","volume":"13","author":"Wiegand","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2012.2221191","article-title":"Overview of the high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard","volume":"22","author":"Sullivan","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2020.3043399","article-title":"Developments in international video coding standardization after avc, with an overview of versatile video coding (vvc)","volume":"109","author":"Bross","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE"},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"(2020). Versatile Video Coding (Standard No. Recommendation ITU-T H.266 and ISO\/IEC 23090-3 (VVC))."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"An, J., Huang, H., Zhang, K., Huang, Y.-W., and Lei, S. (2016). Quadtree Plus Binary Tree Structure Integration with JEM Tools, Joint Video Exploration Team. doc. JVET-B0023."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Li, X., Chuang, H.-C., Chen, J., Karczewicz, M., Zhang, L., Zhao, X., and Said, A. (2016). Multi-Type-Tree, Joint Video Exploration Team. doc. JVET-D0117."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Zhao, L., Zhao, X., Li, X., and Liu, S. (2018). CE3-Related: Unification of Angular Intra Prediction for Square and Non-Square Blocks, Joint Video Exploration Team. doc. JVET-L0279."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Van der Auwera, G., Heo, J., and Filippov, A. (2018). CE3: Summary Report on Intra Prediction and Mode Coding, Joint Video Exploration Team. doc. JVET-L0023."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Bross, B., Keydel, P., Schwarz, H., Marpe, D., Wiegand, T., Zhao, L., Zhao, X., Li, X., Liu, S., and Chang, Y.-J. (2018). CE3: Multiple Reference Line Intra Prediction (Test 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3 and 1.1.4), Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-L0283."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Helle, P., Pfaff, J., Sch\u00e4fer, M., Rischke, R., Schwarz, H., Marpe, D., and Wiegand, T. (2019, January 26\u201329). Intra picture prediction for video coding with neural networks. Proceedings of the 2019 Data Compression Conference (DCC), Snowbird, UT, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/DCC.2019.00053"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Wang, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, K., Wang, S., Wang, S., and Gao, W. (2020, January 24\u201327). Sub-sampled cross-component prediction for chroma component coding. Proceedings of the 2020 Data Compression Conference (DCC), Snowbird, UT, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/DCC47342.2020.00028"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De-Lux\u00e1n-Hern\u00e1ndez, S., George, V., Ma, J., Nguyen, T., Schwarz, H., Marpe, D., and Wiegand, T. (2019, January 22\u201325). An intra subpartition coding mode for VVC. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Taipei, Taiwan.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2019.8803777"},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Zhang, L., Zhang, K., Liu, H., Wang, Y., Zhao, P., and Hong, D. (2018). CE4: History-Based Motion Vector Prediction (Test 4.4.7), Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-L0266."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Jeong, S., Park, M.W., Piao, Y., Park, M., and Choi, K. (2018). CE4: Ultimate Motion Vector Expression (Test 4.5.4), Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-L0054."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Chen, H., Yang, H., and Chen, J. (2018). Symmetrical Mode for Biprediction, Joint Video Experts Team, Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-J0063."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Chen, J., Chien, W.-J., Hu, N., Seregin, V., Karczewicz, M., and Li, X. (2016). Enhanced Motion Vector Difference Coding, Joint Video Exploration Team. doc. JVET-D0123."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3603","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2020.3040291","article-title":"Geometric partitioning mode in versatile video coding: Algorithm review and analysis","volume":"31","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Su, Y.-C., Chen, C.-Y., Huang, Y.-W., Lei, S.-M., He, Y., Luo, J., Xiu, X., and Ye, Y. (2018). CE4-Related: Generalized Bi-Prediction Improvements Combined from JVET-L0197 and JVET-L0296, Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-L0646."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Chiang, M.-S., Hsu, C.-W., Huang, Y.-W., and Lei, S.-M. (2018). CE10.1.1: Multi-hypothesis Prediction for Improving AMVP Mode, Skip or Merge Mode, and Intra Mode, Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-L0100."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2017.2699919","article-title":"An efficient four-parameter affine motion model for video coding","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Chen, H., Yang, H., and Chen, J. (2018). CE4: Separate List for Sub-Block Merge Candidates (Test 4.2.8), Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-L0369."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Sethuraman, S. (2019). CE9: Results of DMVR Related Tests CE9.2.1 and CE9.2.2, Joint Video Experts Team. JVET-M0147."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alshin, A., and Elshina, E. (April, January 30). Bi-directional optical flow for future video codec. Proceedings of the 2016 Data Compression Conference (DCC), Snowbird, UT, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/DCC.2016.125"},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"He, Y., and Luo, J. (2019). CE4-2.1: Prediction Refinement with Optical Flow for Affine Mode, Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-O0070."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Choi, K., Piao, Y., and Kim, C. (2018). CE6: AMT with Reduced Transform Types (Test 1.5), Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-K0171."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Zhao, Y., Yang, H., and Chen, J. (2018). CE6: Spatially Varying Transform (Test 6.1.12.1), Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-K0139."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koo, M., Salehifar, M., Lim, J., and Kim, S.-H. (2019, January 12\u201315). Low frequency nonseparable transform (LFNST). Proceedings of the 2019 Picture Coding Symposium (PCS), Ningbo, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/PCS48520.2019.8954507"},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Schwarz, H., Nguyen, T., Marpe, D., and Wiegand, T. (2018). CE7: Transform Coefficient Coding and Dependent Quantization (Tests 7.1.2, 7.2.1), Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-K0071."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3907","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2021.3072297","article-title":"VVC In-Loop Filters","volume":"31","author":"Karczewicz","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"(2022, September 01). VVC Reference Software. Available online: https:\/\/vcgit.hhi.fraunhofer.de\/jvet\/VVCSoftware_VTM\/-\/tags\/."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Bossen, F., Boyce, J., Suehring, K., Li, X., and Seregin, V. (2019). JVET Common Test Conditions and Software Reference Configurations for SDR Video, Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-N1010."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"(2022, September 01). HEVC Reference Software. Available online: https:\/\/vcgit.hhi.fraunhofer.de\/jct-vc\/HM\/-\/tags\/."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Chen, W., Chen, Y., Chernyak, R., Choi, K., Hashimoto, R., Huang, Y., Jang, H., Liao, R., and Liu, S. (2020). JVET AHG Report: Tool Reporting Procedure (AHG13), Joint Video Experts Team. doc. JVET-T0013."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Bj\u00f8ntegaard, G. (2008). Improvement of BD-PSNR Model, ITU-T SG16\/Q6. doc. VCEG-AI11."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172597","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2956196","article-title":"Context-based ternary tree decision method in versatile video coding for fast intra coding","volume":"7","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4388","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2020.3042062","article-title":"Kang. Fast multi-type tree partitioning for versatile video coding using a lightweight neural network","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Multimed."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123635","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3110292","article-title":"Fast CU partition decision strategy based on human visual system perceptual quality","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119289","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3108238","article-title":"Fast CU decision-making algorithm based on DenseNet network for VVC","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3947","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2021.3108671","article-title":"Configurable Fast Block Partitioning for VVC Intra Coding Using Light Gradient Boosting Machine","volume":"32","author":"Saldanha","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117539","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3004580","article-title":"Fast CU partition and intra mode decision method for H.266\/VVC","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203516","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3036858","article-title":"Fast CU partition decision method based on texture characteristics for H.266\/VVC","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70382","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3079350","article-title":"Fast CU Partition Decision Method Based on Bayes and Improved De-Blocking Filter for H.266\/VVC","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107900","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3000565","article-title":"A fast QTMT partition decision strategy for VVC intra prediction","volume":"8","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2019.2904198","article-title":"Low complexity CTU partition structure decision and fast intra mode decision for versatile video coding","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, N., Cao, J., Liang, F., Wang, J., Liu, H., Wang, X., and Du, X. (2019, January 11\u201314). Fast CTU partition decision algorithm for VVC intra and inter coding. Proceedings of the IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS), Bangkok, Thailand.","DOI":"10.1109\/APCCAS47518.2019.8953076"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Qian, H., and Zhang, M. (2022, January 22\u201325). A Fast Multi-tree Partition Algorithm Based on Spatial-temporal Correlation for VVC. Proceedings of the 2022 Data Compression Conference (DCC), Snowbird, UT, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/DCC52660.2022.00079"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5377","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2021.3083447","article-title":"DeepQTMT: A deep learning approach for fast QTMT-based CU partition of intra-mode VVC","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42141","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3168155","article-title":"A fast QTMT partition decision strategy for VVC intra prediction","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.33851\/JMIS.2021.8.3.147","article-title":"CNN-based Fast Split Mode Decision Algorithm for Versatile Video Coding (VVC) Inter Prediction","volume":"8","author":"Yeo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Multimed. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2021.3086692","article-title":"A CNN-based fast inter coding method for VVC","volume":"28","author":"Pan","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Lett."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2021.3052348","article-title":"Fast intra mode decision algorithm for versatile video coding","volume":"24","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Multimed."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icte.2021.08.018","article-title":"Low complexity mode selection for H. 266\/VVC intra coding","volume":"8","author":"Tan","year":"2021","journal-title":"ICT Express"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, J., Kim, B., and Jeon, B. (2022, January 6\u20139). Fast VVC Intra Subpartition based on Position of Reference Pixels. Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC), Jeju, Republic of Korea.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEIC54506.2022.9748554"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsang, S.H., Kwong, N.W., and Chan, Y.L. (2020, January 4). FastSCCNet: Fast Mode Decision in VVC Screen Content Coding via Fully Convolutional Network. Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE International Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP), Macau, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/VCIP49819.2020.9301885"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158075","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2950388","article-title":"Fast affine motion estimation for versatile video coding (VVC) encoding","volume":"7","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, M., Deng, S., and Liu, Z. (2022, January 22\u201325). A fast geometric prediction merge mode decision algorithm based on CU gradient for VVC. Proceedings of the 2022 Data Compression Conference (DCC), Snowbird, UT, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/DCC52660.2022.00104"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guan, X., and Sun, X. (2021, January 3\u20134). VVC Fast ME Algorithm Based on Spatial Texture Features and Time Correlation. Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Digital Society and Intelligent Systems (DSInS), Chengdu, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/DSInS54396.2021.9670606"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fu, T., Zhang, H., Mu, F., and Chen, H. (2019, January 8\u201312). Two-stage fast multiple transform selection algorithm for VVC intra coding. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), Shanghai, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME.2019.00019"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2022.3145397","article-title":"Low-Complexity Intra Coding in Versatile Video Coding","volume":"68","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4340","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2019.2954749","article-title":"Forward-inverse 2D hardware implementation of approximate transform core for the VVC standard","volume":"30","author":"Kammoun","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2022.3163345","article-title":"Hardware-Friendly Multiple Transform Selection Module for the VVC Standard","volume":"68","author":"Hamidouche","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wieckowski, A., Brandenburg, J., Hinz, T., Bartnik, C., George, V., Hege, G., Helmrich, C., Henkel, A., Lehmann, C., and Stoffers, C. (2021, January 5\u20139). VVenc: An open and optimized VVC encoder implementation. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia & Expo Workshops (ICMEW), Shenzhen, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMEW53276.2021.9455944"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wieckowski, A., Bross, B., and Marpe, D. (July, January 29). Fast partitioning strategies for VVC and their implementation in an Open Optimized Encoder. Proceedings of the 2021 Picture Coding Symposium (PCS), Bristol, UK.","DOI":"10.1109\/PCS50896.2021.9477510"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brandenburg, J., Wieckowski, A., Henkel, A., Bross, B., and Marpe, D. (2021, January 6\u20138). Pareto-Optimized Coding Configurations for VVenC, a Fast and Efficient VVC Encoder. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), Tampere, Finland.","DOI":"10.1109\/MMSP53017.2021.9733433"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/22\/22\/8990\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:22:27Z","timestamp":1760145747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/22\/22\/8990"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["s22228990"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s22228990","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]]}}}