{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T19:31:58Z","timestamp":1771270318726,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Silesian University of Technology","award":["09\/010\/RGJ22\/0068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["09\/010\/RGJ22\/0068"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The wearable healthcare equipment is primarily designed to alert patients of any specific health conditions or to act as a useful tool for treatment or follow-up. With the growth of technologies and connectivity, the security of these devices has become a growing concern. The lack of security awareness amongst novice users and the risk of several intermediary attacks for accessing health information severely endangers the use of IoT-enabled healthcare systems. In this paper, a blockchain-based secure data storage system is proposed along with a user authentication and health status prediction system. Firstly, this work utilizes reversed public-private keys combined Rivest\u2013Shamir\u2013Adleman (RP2-RSA) algorithm for providing security. Secondly, feature selection is completed by employing the correlation factor-induced salp swarm optimization algorithm (CF-SSOA). Finally, health status classification is performed using advanced weight initialization adapted SignReLU activation function-based artificial neural network (ASR-ANN) which classifies the status as normal and abnormal. Meanwhile, the abnormal measures are stored in the corresponding patient blockchain. Here, blockchain technology is used to store medical data securely for further analysis. The proposed model has achieved an accuracy of 95.893% and is validated by comparing it with other baseline techniques. On the security front, the proposed RP2-RSA attains a 96.123% security level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22239448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T08:10:57Z","timestamp":1670227857000},"page":"9448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["BBNSF: Blockchain-Based Novel Secure Framework Using RP2-RSA and ASR-ANN Technique for IoT Enabled Healthcare Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Mohit","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, MIT-ADT University, Pune 412201, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RBSPL, Bangalore 560008, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3136-4029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sahil","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, SGT University, Gurugram 122505, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5422-1659","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Kavita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, SGT University, Gurugram 122505, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maninder","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Applications, Guru Gobind Singh College for Women, Chandigarh 160019, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research & Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5589-4249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martyna","family":"Kobielnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Applied Mathematics, Silesian University of Technology, Kaszubska 23, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9073-5347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Wo\u017aniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Applied Mathematics, Silesian University of Technology, Kaszubska 23, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6859-670X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Shafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, College of Arts and Science, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Wadi Ad-Dawasir 11991, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5206-272X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Fazal","family":"Ijaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3810","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2849014","article-title":"Internet of medical things a review of recent contributions dealing with cyber-physical systems in medicine","volume":"5","author":"Gatouillat","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550147719851977","DOI":"10.1177\/1550147719851977","article-title":"An energy-efficient fog-to-cloud internet of medical things architecture","volume":"15","author":"Tahir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. 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