{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T15:56:29Z","timestamp":1781279789089,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in the field of wireless communication for designing a monitoring system to observe the activity of the human body remotely. With the use of wireless body area networks (WBAN), chronic health and physical activity may be tracked without interfering with routine lifestyle. This crucial real-time data transmission requires low power, high speed, and broader bandwidth communication. Ultrawideband (UWB) technology has been explored for short-range and high-speed applications to cater to these demands over the last decades. The antenna is a crucial component of the WBAN system, which lowers the overall system\u2019s performance. The human body\u2019s morphology necessitates a flexible antenna. In this article, we comprehensively survey the relevant flexible materials and their qualities utilized to develop the flexible antenna. Further, we retrospectively investigate the design issues and the strategies employed in designing the flexible UWB antenna, such as incorporating the modified ground layer, including the parasitic elements, coplanar waveguide, metamaterial loading, etc. To improve isolation and channel capacity in WBAN applications, the most recent decoupling structures proven in UWB MIMO technology are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22239549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T05:50:52Z","timestamp":1670392252000},"page":"9549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Flexible UWB and MIMO Antennas for Wireless Body Area Network: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Vikash Kumar","family":"Jhunjhunwala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1959-0480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanweer","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0321-7187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pramod","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1474-0689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Praveen","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6317-912X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pradeep","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakshi","family":"Shrivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnav Abhijit","family":"Bhagwat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2013.121313.00064","article-title":"Wireless body area networks: A survey","volume":"16","author":"Movassaghi","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. 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