{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T11:26:07Z","timestamp":1764588367383,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]],"date-time":"2022-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia","award":["FRGS\/1\/2019\/STG02\/UNIMAP\/03\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2019\/STG02\/UNIMAP\/03\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rapid growth of wireless technology has improved the network\u2019s technology from 4G to 5G, with sub-6 GHz being the centre of attention as the primary communication spectrum band. To effectively benefit this exclusive network, the improvement in the mm-wave detection of this range is crucial. In this work, a silicon self-switching device (SSD) based full-wave bridge rectifier was proposed as a candidate for a usable RF-DC converter in this frequency range. SSD has a similar operation to a conventional pn junction diode, but with advantages in fabrication simplicity where it does not require doping and junctions. The optimized structure of the SSD was cascaded and arranged to create a functional full-wave bridge rectifier with a quadratic relationship between the input voltage and outputs current. AC transient analysis and theoretical calculation performed on the full-wave rectifier shows an estimated cut-off frequency at ~12 GHz, with calculated responsivity and noise equivalent power of 1956.72 V\/W and 2.3753 pW\/Hz1\/2, respectively. These results show the capability of silicon SSD to function as a full-wave bridge rectifier and is a potential candidate for RF-DC conversion in the targeted 5G frequency band and can be exploited for future energy harvesting application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22249712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T05:10:19Z","timestamp":1670821819000},"page":"9712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Silicon Self-Switching Diode (SSD) as a Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier in 5G Networks Frequencies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Tan","family":"Yi Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5884-3225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nor Farhani","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"},{"name":"Advanced Communication Engineering, Centre of Excellence (ACE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4688-4054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahrir Rizal","family":"Kasjoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"},{"name":"Advanced Communication Engineering, Centre of Excellence (ACE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Safizan","family":"Shaari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"},{"name":"Advanced Communication Engineering, Centre of Excellence (ACE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Muammar","family":"Mohamad Isa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0129-0321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Khairuddin","family":"Md Arshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Arun Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to Be University), Sector-12, Chandigarh 160012, India"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2328098","article-title":"What will 5G be?","volume":"32","author":"Andrews","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE J. 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