{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T16:08:00Z","timestamp":1780502880786,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32102083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2021QC204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021QC204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32102083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2021QC204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021QC204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a straightforward method to develop a nanoporous graphene oxide (NGO)-functionalized quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) gas sensor for the detection of trimethylamine (TMA), aiming to form a reliable monitoring mechanism strategy for low-concentration TMA that can still cause serious odor nuisance. The synthesized NGO material was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to verify its structure and morphology. Compared with the bare and GO-based QCM sensors, the NGO-based QCM sensor exhibited ultra-high sensitivity (65.23 Hz\/\u03bcL), excellent linearity (R2 = 0.98), high response\/recovery capability (3 s\/20 s) and excellent repeatability (RSD = 0.02, n = 3) toward TMA with frequency shift and resistance. Furthermore, the selectivity of the proposed NGO-based sensor to TMA was verified by analysis of the dual-signal responses. It is also proved that increasing the conductivity did not improve the resistance signal. This work confirms that the proposed NGO-based sensor with dual signals provides a new avenue for TMA sensing, and the sensor is expected to become a potential candidate for gas detection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22249939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T09:31:01Z","timestamp":1671442261000},"page":"9939","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Nanoporous Graphene Oxide-Based Quartz Crystal Microbalance Gas Sensor with Dual-Signal Responses for Trimethylamine Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Guangyu","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangfang","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 310002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shihao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengjiao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyan","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinglei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41339","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c12213","article-title":"Nanoporous Functionalized WS2\/MWCNTs Nanocomposite for Trimethylamine Detection Based on Quartz Crystal Microbalance Gas Sensor","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. 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