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On the other hand, it poses many technical and security challenges to the users of those provisions. Fog computing makes these technical issues manageable to some extent. Fog computing is one of the promising solutions for handling the big data produced by the IoT, which are often security-critical and time-sensitive. Massive IoT data analytics by a fog computing structure is emerging and requires extensive research for more proficient knowledge and smart decisions. Though an advancement in big data analytics is taking place, it does not consider fog data analytics. However, there are many challenges, including heterogeneity, security, accessibility, resource sharing, network communication overhead, the real-time data processing of complex data, etc. This paper explores various research challenges and their solution using the next-generation fog data analytics and IoT networks. We also performed an experimental analysis based on fog computing and cloud architecture. The result shows that fog computing outperforms the cloud in terms of network utilization and latency. Finally, the paper is concluded with future trends.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23010199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T03:03:31Z","timestamp":1672110211000},"page":"199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["An Overview of Fog Data Analytics for IoT Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2375-5057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jitendra","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiran","family":"Italiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amazon, Bangalore 560055, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuldeepsinh","family":"Jadeja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5142-3933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malaram","family":"Kumhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uttam","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Vishwakarma Government Engineering College, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad 382424, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1776-4651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudeep","family":"Tanwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madhuri","family":"Bhavsar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ravi","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Inter-Disciplinary Research and Innovation, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248001, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela Lucia","family":"Manea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Constantin Daicoviciu Street, No. 15, 400020 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Verdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Building Services, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services, Technical University of Gheorghe Asachi, 700050 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7277-4377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Simona","family":"Raboaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Constantin Daicoviciu Street, No. 15, 400020 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies\u2014ICSI Rm. 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