{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:41:00Z","timestamp":1760233260525,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32172306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32172306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The precise separation of rice particles is an important step in rice processing. In this paper, discrete element simulations of the motion of rice particles of different integrity in an indented cylinder separator were carried out using numerical simulation methods. The effects of single factors (cylinder rotation rate, cylinder axial inclination angle, and collection trough inclination angle) on the motion trajectories of particles are investigated and the probability distribution functions of particles are obtained. The statistical method of Kullback-Leibler divergence is used to quantitatively evaluate the differences in the probability distribution functions of the escape angles of particles of different degrees of integrity. The purpose of this paper is to determine the optimum parameters for an indent cylinder separator by understanding the material cylinder separating process from particle scale and to provide a basis for the numerical design of a grain particle cylinder separators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23010285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T05:31:54Z","timestamp":1672205514000},"page":"285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["DEM Study of the Motion Characteristics of Rice Particles in the Indented Cylinder Separator"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Xinzhi","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuesong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiyang","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Status and prospects of rice processing technology in China","volume":"20","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. 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