{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T03:49:25Z","timestamp":1775274565520,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]],"date-time":"2022-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61771260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61771260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62271269"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62271269"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Flexible electrolyte-gated graphene field effect transistors (Eg-GFETs) are widely developed as sensors because of fast response, versatility and low-cost. However, their sensitivities and responding ranges are often altered by different gate voltages. These bias-voltage-induced uncertainties are an obstacle in the development of Eg-GFETs. To shield from this risk, a machine-learning-algorithm-based LgGFETs\u2019 data analyzing method is studied in this work by using Ca2+ detection as a proof-of-concept. For the as-prepared Eg-GFET-Ca2+ sensors, their transfer and output features are first measured. Then, eight regression models are trained with the use of different machine learning algorithms, including linear regression, support vector machine, decision tree and random forest, etc. Then, the optimized model is obtained with the random-forest-method-treated transfer curves. Finally, the proposed method is applied to determine Ca2+ concentration in a calibration-free way, and it is found that the relation between the estimated and real Ca2+ concentrations is close-to y = x. Accordingly, we think the proposed method may not only provide an accurate result but also simplify the traditional calibration step in using Eg-GFET sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23010353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]],"date-time":"2022-12-30T03:19:46Z","timestamp":1672370386000},"page":"353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field Effect Transistor-Based Ca2+ Detection Aided by Machine Learning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Rong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"},{"name":"School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China"}]},{"given":"Tiantian","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Shihui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Kaiyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Shuhui","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Ziwei","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2093-2118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunfang","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00373.x","article-title":"Calcium and exercise affect the growing skeleton","volume":"63","author":"Welch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr. 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