{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:24:25Z","timestamp":1769732665062,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["MOST 111-2221-E-008-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 111-2221-E-008-008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Interleukin 6 (IL-6) has been regarded as a biomarker that can be applied as a predictor for the severity of COVID-19-infected patients. The IL-6 level also correlates well with respiratory dysfunction and mortality risk. In this work, three silanization approaches and two types of biorecognition elements were used on the silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (SiNW-FETs) to investigate and compare the sensing performance on the detection of IL-6. Experimental data revealed that the mixed-SAMs-modified silica surface could have superior surface morphology to APTES-modified and APS-modified silica surfaces. According to the data on detecting various concentrations of IL-6, the detection range of the aptamer-functionalized SiNW-FET was broader than that of the antibody-functionalized SiNW-FET. In addition, the lowest concentration of valid detection for the aptamer-functionalized SiNW-FET was 2.1 pg\/mL, two orders of magnitude lower than the antibody-functionalized SiNW-FET. The detection range of the aptamer-functionalized SiNW-FET covered the concentration of IL-6, which could be used to predict fatal outcomes of COVID-19. The detection results in the buffer showed that the anti-IL-6 aptamer could produce better detection results on the SiNW-FETs, indicating its great opportunity in applications for sensing clinical samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23020625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T06:11:51Z","timestamp":1672899111000},"page":"625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Ultrasensitive Detection of Interleukin 6 by Using Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1826-7689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Pin","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2552-5367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Ming","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7646-1039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cao-An","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Wen-Yih","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.0c00501","article-title":"Assay Techniques and Test Development for COVID-19 Diagnosis","volume":"6","author":"Carter","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Cent. 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