{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T17:03:10Z","timestamp":1775667790811,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,8]],"date-time":"2023-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a (Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional -FEDER-, European Union)","award":["PID2021-127409OB-C31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-127409OB-C31"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a (Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional -FEDER-, European Union)","award":["PNURSP2023R238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2023R238"]}]},{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project","award":["PID2021-127409OB-C31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-127409OB-C31"]}]},{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project","award":["PNURSP2023R238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2023R238"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The article presents a Co-planar Waveguide (CPW) fed antenna of a low-profile, simple geometry, and compact size operating at the dual band for ISM and WLAN applications for 5G communication devices. The antenna has a small size of 30 mm \u00d7 18 mm \u00d7 0.79 mm and is realized using Rogers RT\/Duroid 5880 substrate. The proposed dual-band antenna contains a CPW feedline along with the triangular patch. Later on, various stubs are loaded to obtain optimal results. The proposed antenna offers a dual band at 2.4 and 5.4 GHz while covering the impedance bandwidths of 2.25\u20132.8 GHz for ISM and 5.45\u20135.65 GHz for WLAN applications, respectively. The proposed antenna design is studied and analyzed using the Electromagnetic (EM) High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSSv9) tool, and a hardware prototype is fabricated to verify the simulated results. As the antenna is intended for on-body applications, therefore, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) analysis is carried out to investigate the Electromagnetic effects of the antenna on the human body. Moreover, a comparison between the proposed dual-band antenna and other relevant works in the literature is presented. The results and comparison of the proposed work with other literary works validate that the proposed dual-band antenna is suitable for future 5G devices working in Industrial, Scientific, Medical (ISM), and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) bands.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23020709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T07:05:09Z","timestamp":1673247909000},"page":"709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["A Low-Profile Antenna for On-Body and Off-Body Applications in the Lower and Upper ISM and WLAN Bands"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Esraa Mousa","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Aviation Sciences, Amman Arab University, Amman 11953, Jordan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4397-4211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wahaj Abbas","family":"Awan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9709-0433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syeda Iffat","family":"Naqvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telecommunication Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila (UET Taxila), Taxila 47050, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3589-8669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed S.","family":"Alzaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9533-3179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalia H.","family":"Elkamchouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4911-9753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Falcone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering and Communications Department, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Smart Cities, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5499-6953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Turki E. A.","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2021.154061","article-title":"Simple wideband extended aperture antenna-inspired circular patch for V-band communication systems","volume":"144","author":"Hussain","year":"2022","journal-title":"AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lamultree, S., Thanamalapong, W., Dentri, S., and Phongcharoenpanich, C. (2022). Tri-Band bidirectional antenna for 2.4\/5 GHz WLAN and Ku-band applications. Appl. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/app12125817"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iqbal, J., Illahi, U., Khan, M.A., Rauf, A., Ali, E.M., Bari, I., Ali, H., Khan, M.A., Alibakhshikenari, M., and Dalarsson, M. (2022). 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