{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T20:10:21Z","timestamp":1774296621803,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In pipeline production, there is a considerable distance between the moment when the operation principle of a biosensor will be verified in the laboratory until the moment when it can be used in real conditions. This distance is often covered by an optimization and packaging process. This article described the packaging and optimization of a SARS-CoV-2 biosensor, as well as the packaging of its electronic readout circuit. The biosensor was packed with a photosensitive tape, which forms a protective layer and is patterned in a way to form a well in the sensing area. The well is meant to limit the liquid diffusion, thereby reducing the measurement error. Subsequently, a connector between the biosensor and its readout circuit was designed and 3D-printed, ensuring the continuous and easy reading of the biosensor. In the last step, a three-dimensional case was designed and printed, thus protecting the circuit from any damage, and allowing its operation in real conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23020765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T01:57:48Z","timestamp":1673315868000},"page":"765","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Packaging and Optimization of a Capacitive Biosensor and Its Readout Circuit"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9094-8422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonios","family":"Georgas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus 9, Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Zografou, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7113-8862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lampros","family":"Nestoras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus 9, Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Zografou, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1009-7507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aris Ioannis","family":"Kanaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus 9, Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Zografou, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2533-435X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spyridon","family":"Angelopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus 9, Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Zografou, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2044-7569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus 9, Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Zografou, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1895-6417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelos","family":"Hristoforou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus 9, Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Zografou, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2015.10.016","article-title":"Capacitive biosensors for ultra-sensitive assays","volume":"79","author":"Mattiasson","year":"2016","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. 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