{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T04:03:49Z","timestamp":1780718629824,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Fund of China","award":["61871442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871442"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Fund of China","award":["6142601200504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6142601200504"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Fund of China","award":["2020-JCJQ-JJ-397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-JCJQ-JJ-397"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory, China","award":["61871442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871442"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory, China","award":["6142601200504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6142601200504"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory, China","award":["2020-JCJQ-JJ-397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-JCJQ-JJ-397"]}]},{"name":"Ministries Fund","award":["61871442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871442"]}]},{"name":"Ministries Fund","award":["6142601200504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6142601200504"]}]},{"name":"Ministries Fund","award":["2020-JCJQ-JJ-397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-JCJQ-JJ-397"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antenna beam deflection, along with miniaturization and wideband of the antenna is in demand for practical applications. In this paper, a cylindrical conformal array antenna with a small-tilt forward beam was designed. The microstrip antenna unit was loaded with the artificial electromagnetic structure, which reduced the size of the antenna unit. As a result, the center spacing of the array elements can be shortened with the same array element spacing. The beam deflection angle can be increased in this way without increasing the coupling effect between the parts. Changing the number of line array elements and the number of line arrays can regulate the beam width of E-field and H-field, respectively. The bandwidth of the antenna can be significantly extended by slotting the ground plane. This work implemented a cylindrical conformal array of the antenna\u2019s forward beam with a small dip angle using a cylindrical carrier as an example. The measurement results showed that the angle between the main beam and the carrier axis of the conformal antenna was less than 30\u00b0, the bandwidth was more than 30%, and the antenna volume decreased by 40.4%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23020930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T04:02:04Z","timestamp":1673582524000},"page":"930","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Design of Miniaturized Wideband Beam Deflection Conformal Array Antenna"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5708-4810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junli","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5900-5477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuanyong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1463-0252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengfei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0611-0628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1109\/8.785749","article-title":"Single-feed slotted equilateral-triangular microstrip antenna for circular polarization","volume":"47","author":"Lu","year":"1999","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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