{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:37:23Z","timestamp":1776731843252,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,14]],"date-time":"2023-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This review summarizes the literature data reported from 2000 up to the present on the development of various electrochemical (voltammetric, amperometric, potentiometric and photoelectrochemical), optical (UV-Vis and IR) and luminescence (chemiluminescence and fluorescence) methods and the corresponding sensors for rifamycin antibiotics analysis. The discussion is focused mainly on the foremost compound of this class of macrocyclic drugs, namely rifampicin (RIF), which is a first-line antituberculosis agent derived from rifampicin SV (RSV). RIF and RSV also have excellent therapeutic action in the treatment of other bacterial infectious diseases. Due to the side-effects (e.g., prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria, hepatotoxicity) of long-term RIF intake, drug monitoring in patients is of real importance in establishing the optimum RIF dose, and therefore, reliable, rapid and simple methods of analysis are required. Based on the studies published on this topic in the last two decades, the sensing principles, some examples of sensors preparation procedures, as well as the performance characteristics (linear range, limits of detection and quantification) of analytical methods for RIF determination, are compared and correlated, critically emphasizing their benefits and limitations. Examples of spectrometric and electrochemical investigations of RIF interaction with biologically important molecules are also presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23020976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T05:30:07Z","timestamp":1673847007000},"page":"976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["State of the Art on Developments of (Bio)Sensors and Analytical Methods for Rifamycin Antibiotics Determination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Hassan","family":"Noor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cLucian Blaga\u201d University Sibiu, Lucian Blaga Street 25, 550169 Sibiu, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2677-2642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iulia Gabriela","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Panduri Av. 90-92, District 5, 050663 Bucharest, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0383-2294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Lorena","family":"Jinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Panduri Av. 90-92, District 5, 050663 Bucharest, Romania"}]},{"given":"Dana Elena","family":"Popa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Panduri Av. 90-92, District 5, 050663 Bucharest, Romania"}]},{"given":"Mihaela","family":"Buleandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Panduri Av. 90-92, District 5, 050663 Bucharest, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4002-3579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilia Elena","family":"Iorgulescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Panduri Av. 90-92, District 5, 050663 Bucharest, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2520-5486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adela Magdalena","family":"Ciobanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry \u201cProf. Dr. Al. Obregia\u201d Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, Berceni Av. 10, District 4, 041914 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Discipline of Psychiatry, Neurosciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dionisie Lupu Street 37, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Preda, D., David, I.G., Popa, D.-E., Buleandra, M., and Radu, G.L. (2022). Recent trends in the development of carbon-based electrodes modified with molecularly imprinted polymers for antibiotic electroanalysis. 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