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To suppress the influence of secondary interface echoes in the immersion ultrasonic phased array imaging, a novel phase circular statistics vector (PCSV) weighting method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the PCSV factor matrix is established according to the phase consistency of the echo signals. Secondly, due to the higher phase coherence of the defect echo, the PCSV factor matrix is used to weight the TFM image to suppress the secondary interface echo. The result shows the secondary interface echoes are effectively suppressed in the total focusing method (TFM) image on a 0~40 dB scale. It is also shown that PCSV weighting could not only suppress the secondary interface echoes but also improved the image quality in terms of SNR and lateral resolution by comparing with traditional TFM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23031081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T01:33:26Z","timestamp":1674005606000},"page":"1081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Secondary Interface Echoes Suppression for Immersion Ultrasonic Imaging Based on Phase Circular Statistics Vector"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Non-Destructive Testing Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenghui","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Non-Destructive Testing Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AECC Aviation Power Co., Ltd., Xi\u2019an 710021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AECC Aviation Power Co., Ltd., Xi\u2019an 710021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingru","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Non-Destructive Testing Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Non-Destructive Testing Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2019.03.009","article-title":"A matched model-based synthetic aperture focusing technique for acoustic microscopy","volume":"104","author":"Wuest","year":"2019","journal-title":"NDT E Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2019.07.073","article-title":"Characterization of planar flaws by an integrated approach using phased array and synthetic aperture focusing technique","volume":"147","author":"Nanekar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2005.04.002","article-title":"Post-processing of the full matrix of ultrasonic transmit\u2013receive array data for non-destructive evaluation","volume":"38","author":"Holmes","year":"2005","journal-title":"NDT E Int."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2019.02.086","article-title":"Dijkstra\u2019s algorithm-based ray tracing method for total focusing method imaging of CFRP laminates","volume":"215","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compos. 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