{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T11:04:56Z","timestamp":1778497496839,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["899822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["899822"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["B84I20001880002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B84I20001880002"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["C85F21001020001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C85F21001020001"]}]},{"name":"Regione Lazio with HeAL9000 project","award":["899822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["899822"]}]},{"name":"Regione Lazio with HeAL9000 project","award":["B84I20001880002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B84I20001880002"]}]},{"name":"Regione Lazio with HeAL9000 project","award":["C85F21001020001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C85F21001020001"]}]},{"name":"Italian Institute for Labour Accidents (INAIL) with the SPINE 4.0 project","award":["899822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["899822"]}]},{"name":"Italian Institute for Labour Accidents (INAIL) with the SPINE 4.0 project","award":["B84I20001880002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B84I20001880002"]}]},{"name":"Italian Institute for Labour Accidents (INAIL) with the SPINE 4.0 project","award":["C85F21001020001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C85F21001020001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In Industry 4.0 scenarios, wearable sensing allows the development of monitoring solutions for workers\u2019 risk prevention. Current approaches aim to identify the presence of a risky event, such as falls, when it has already occurred. However, there is a need to develop methods capable of identifying the presence of a risk condition in order to prevent the occurrence of the damage itself. The measurement of vital and non-vital physiological parameters enables the worker\u2019s complex state estimation to identify risk conditions preventing falls, slips and fainting, as a result of physical overexertion and heat stress exposure. This paper aims at investigating classification approaches to identify risk conditions with respect to normal physical activity by exploiting physiological measurements in different conditions of physical exertion and heat stress. Moreover, the role played in the risk identification by specific sensors and features was investigated. The obtained results evidenced that k-Nearest Neighbors is the best performing algorithm in all the experimental conditions exploiting only information coming from cardiorespiratory monitoring (mean accuracy 88.7\u00b17.3% for the model trained with max(HR), std(RR) and std(HR)).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23031575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T02:29:03Z","timestamp":1675218543000},"page":"1575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Classification Method for Workers\u2019 Physical Risk"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6238-2241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Tamantini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Advanced Robotics and Human-Centred Technologies, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristiana","family":"Rondoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Advanced Robotics and Human-Centred Technologies, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Cordella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Advanced Robotics and Human-Centred Technologies, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Guglielmelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Advanced Robotics and Human-Centred Technologies, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loredana","family":"Zollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Advanced Robotics and Human-Centred Technologies, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2022.105813","article-title":"Confirmatory factor analysis of work-related accidents in UAE","volume":"153","author":"Awad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saf. 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