{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:50:30Z","timestamp":1760147430102,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Integrated Communication, Sensing and Computation for Ubiquitous Internet of Things, China NSFC","award":["U2001207","2019KCXTD005","2021ZDZX1068","2019ZT08X603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2001207","2019KCXTD005","2021ZDZX1068","2019ZT08X603"]}]},{"name":"Project of DEGP","award":["U2001207","2019KCXTD005","2021ZDZX1068","2019ZT08X603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2001207","2019KCXTD005","2021ZDZX1068","2019ZT08X603"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong \u201cPearl River Talent Recruitment Program\u201d","award":["U2001207","2019KCXTD005","2021ZDZX1068","2019ZT08X603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2001207","2019KCXTD005","2021ZDZX1068","2019ZT08X603"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although voice authentication is generally secure, voiceprint-based authentication methods have the drawback of being affected by environmental noise, long passphrases, and large registered samples. Therefore, we present a breakthrough idea for smartphone user authentication by analyzing articulation and integrating the physiology and behavior of the vocal tract, tongue position, and lip movement to expose the uniqueness of individuals while making utterances. The key idea is to leverage the smartphone speaker and microphone to simultaneously transmit and receive speech and ultrasonic signals, construct identity-related features, and determine whether a single utterance is a legitimate user or an attacker. Physiological authentication methods prevent other users from copying or reproducing passwords. Compared to other types of behavioral authentication, the system is more accurately able to recognize the user\u2019s identity and adapt accordingly to environmental variations. The proposed system requires a smaller number of samples because single utterances are utilized, resulting in a user-friendly system that resists mimicry attacks with an average accuracy of 99% and an equal error rate of 0.5% under the three different surroundings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23031667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T01:40:25Z","timestamp":1675388425000},"page":"1667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["ArtiLock: Smartphone User Identification Based on Physiological and Behavioral Features of Monosyllable Articulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4075-1485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aslan B.","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziqi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaishun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China"},{"name":"Information Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511453, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, February 17). 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