{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:30:06Z","timestamp":1772253006241,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51871127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51871127"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11674187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11674187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22-05-CXZX-04-03-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22-05-CXZX-04-03-15"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U22A2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22A2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The magnetoelectric (ME) sensor is a new type of magnetic sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity that suitable for the measurement of low-frequency weak magnetic fields. In this study, a metglas\/PZT-5B ME sensor with mechanical resonance frequency fres of 60.041 kHz was prepared. It is interesting to note that its magnetic field resolution reached 0.20 nT at fres and 0.34 nT under a DC field, respectively. In order to measure ultralow-frequency AC magnetic fields, a frequency up-conversion technique was employed. Using this technique, a limit of detection (LOD) under an AC magnetic field lower than 1 nT at 8 Hz was obtained, and the minimum LOD of 0.51 nT was achieved at 20 Hz. The high-resolution ME sensor at the sub-nT level is promising in the field of low-frequency weak magnetic field measurement technology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23031702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T05:09:20Z","timestamp":1675400960000},"page":"1702","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["High-Resolution Magnetoelectric Sensor and Low-Frequency Measurement Using Frequency Up-Conversion Technique"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Kunyu","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"}]},{"given":"Zhihao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2657-016X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chengmeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"}]},{"given":"Dongxuan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"}]},{"given":"Zhao","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"}]},{"given":"Weihua","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"}]},{"given":"Zhejun","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8105-7612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shandong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"},{"name":"College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2012.08.036","article-title":"Robust actuation of silicon MEMS using SMA wires integrated at wafer-level by nickel electroplating","volume":"189","author":"Clausi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sens. 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