{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T14:16:31Z","timestamp":1776780991415,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]],"date-time":"2023-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2020YFB1708200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB1708200"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["71R2211001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71R2211001"]}]},{"name":"the Classified Development Project of Beijing Universities","award":["2020YFB1708200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB1708200"]}]},{"name":"the Classified Development Project of Beijing Universities","award":["71R2211001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71R2211001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aiming at the real-time robust optimization problem of perishable supply-chain systems in complex environments, a real-time robust optimization scheme based on supply-chain digital twins is proposed. Firstly, based on the quantitative logical relationship between production and sales of single-chain series supply-chain system products, the state space equation of the supply-chain system with logical characteristics, structural characteristics, and quantitative characteristics was constructed, and twin data were introduced to construct the digital twins of supply chains based on the state-space equation. Secondly, the perishable supply-chain system in complex environments was regarded as an uncertain closed-loop system from the perspective of the state space equation, and then a robust H\u221e controller design strategy was proposed, and the supply-chain digital twins was used to update and correct the relevant parameters of the supply-chain system in real-time, to implement the real-time robust optimization based on the supply-chain digital twins. Finally, the simulation experiment was carried out with a cake supply-chain production as an example. The experimental results show that the real-time updating of relevant parameters through the digital twins can help enterprise managers to formulate reasonable management plans, effectively avoid the shortage problem of enterprises in the cake supply-chain system, and reduce the maximum inventory movement standard deviation of each link by 12.65%, 6.50%, and 14.87%, and the maximum production movement standard deviation by 70.21%, 56.84%, and 45.19%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23041850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T02:04:16Z","timestamp":1675821856000},"page":"1850","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Research on Real-Time Robust Optimization of Perishable Supply-Chain Systems Based on Digital Twins"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5252-7574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingnian","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, Beijing Information Science and Technology University (BISTU), Beijing 100192, China"},{"name":"Institute of Intelligent Networked Things and Cooperative Control, Beijing Information Science and Technology University (BISTU), Beijing 100192, China"},{"name":"Intelligent Perception and Control of High-End Equipment Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Beijing Information Science and Technology University (BISTU), Beijing 100192, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1480-227X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, Beijing Information Science and Technology University (BISTU), Beijing 100192, China"},{"name":"Institute of Intelligent Networked Things and Cooperative Control, Beijing Information Science and Technology University (BISTU), Beijing 100192, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingkui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, Beijing Information Science and Technology University (BISTU), Beijing 100192, China"},{"name":"Institute of Intelligent Networked Things and Cooperative Control, Beijing Information Science and Technology University (BISTU), Beijing 100192, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, Beijing Information Science and Technology University (BISTU), Beijing 100192, China"},{"name":"Institute of Intelligent Networked Things and Cooperative Control, Beijing Information Science and Technology University (BISTU), Beijing 100192, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"100221","article-title":"Integrated procurement-production inventory model in supply chain: A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Utama","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oper. 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