{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:07:49Z","timestamp":1785449269932,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the second bid of the scientific research of the Chaor River to Liao River Water Diversion Project (research on PCCP pipeline leakage monitoring and pipe burst warning technology)","award":["YC-KYXM-02-2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YC-KYXM-02-2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wire breakage is a major factor in the failure of prestressed concrete cylinder pipes (PCCP). In the presented work, an automatic monitoring approach of broken wires in PCCP using fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensors (DAS) is investigated. The study designs a 1:1 prototype wire break monitoring experiment using a DN4000 mm PCCP buried underground in a simulated test environment. The test combines the collected wire break signals with the previously collected noise signals in the operating pipe and transforms them into a spectrogram as the wire break signal dataset. A deep learning-based target detection algorithm is developed to detect the occurrence of wire break events by extracting the spectrogram image features of wire break signals in the dataset. The results show that the recall, precision, F1 score, and false detection rate of the pruned model reach 100%, 100%, 1, and 0%, respectively; the video detection frame rate reaches 35 fps and the model size is only 732 KB. It can be seen that this method greatly simplifies the model without loss of precision, providing an effective method for the identification of PCCP wire break signals, while the lightweight model is more conducive to the embedded deployment of a PCCP wire break monitoring system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23042090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T05:25:26Z","timestamp":1676265926000},"page":"2090","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A YOLOX-Based Automatic Monitoring Approach of Broken Wires in Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe Using Fiber-Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Baolong","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China"},{"name":"School of Mechanical and Equipment Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR), Beijing 100038, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruizhen","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Equipment Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Equipment Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinmin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR), Beijing 100038, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Holley, M., Diaz, R., and Giovanniello, M. 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