{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T20:02:02Z","timestamp":1778097722329,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since the advent of visual sensors, smart cities have generated massive surveillance video data, which can be intelligently inspected to detect anomalies. Computer vision-based automated anomaly detection techniques replace human intervention to secure video surveillance applications in place from traditional video surveillance systems that rely on human involvement for anomaly detection, which is tedious and inaccurate. Due to the diverse nature of anomalous events and their complexity, it is however, very challenging to detect them automatically in a real-world scenario. By using Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT), this research work presents an efficient and robust framework for detecting anomalies in surveillance large video data. A hybrid model integrating 2D-CNN and ESN are proposed in this research study for smart surveillance, which is an important application of AIoT. The CNN is used as feature extractor from input videos which are then inputted to autoencoder for feature refinement followed by ESN for sequence learning and anomalous events detection. The proposed model is lightweight and implemented over edge devices to ensure their capability and applicability over AIoT environments in a smart city. The proposed model significantly enhanced performance using challenging surveillance datasets compared to other methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23042358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T01:39:28Z","timestamp":1676943568000},"page":"2358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["An IoT Enable Anomaly Detection System for Smart City Surveillance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2379-4451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Islam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Onaizah Colleges, Onaizah 2053, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulsalam S.","family":"Dukyil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STC Academy, Riyadh 13315, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3061-2844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saleh","family":"Alyahya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Onaizah Colleges, Onaizah 2053, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6543-2520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shabana","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/1745-9133.12422","article-title":"The future of CCTV","volume":"18","author":"Skogan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Criminol. 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