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Traditional sensor manufacturing methods have significant drawbacks, such as low fabrication freedom, limited material choice and expensive manufacturing cost. As a possible alternative method, 3D printing technologies are increasingly popular in sensor development due to their high versatility, fast fabrication\/modification, powerful processing of different materials and ease of incorporation with other sensor systems. Surprisingly, a systematic review examining the application of 3D printing technology in water monitoring sensors has not yet been conducted. Here, we summarized the development history, market share and advantages\/disadvantages of typical 3D printing techniques. Specifically focused on the 3D-printed sensor for water quality monitoring, we then reviewed the applications of 3D printing in the development of sensors\u2019 supporting platform, cell, sensing electrode as well as all-3D-printed sensors. The fabrication materials and processing, and the sensor\u2019s performances regarding detected parameters, response time and detection limit\/sensitivity, were also compared and analyzed. Finally, the current drawbacks of 3D-printed water sensors and potential directions for future study were discussed. This review will substantially promote the understanding of 3D printing technology used in water sensor development and benefit the protection of water resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23052366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T02:07:44Z","timestamp":1676945264000},"page":"2366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Application of 3D Printing Technology in Sensor Development for Water Quality Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0347-9737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yifan","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dunzhu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunhong","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeena","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1664-4949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saviour I.","family":"Okeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zihan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanqi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liwen","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"TrinityHaus, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1500323","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1500323","article-title":"Four billion people facing severe water scarcity","volume":"2","author":"Mekonnen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. 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