{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:54:24Z","timestamp":1760147664794,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A multiple input multiple output (MIMO) power line communication (PLC) model for industrial facilities was developed that uses the physics of a bottom-up model but can be calibrated like top-down models. The PLC model considers 4-conductor cables (three-phase conductors and a ground conductor) and has several load types, including motor loads. The model is calibrated to data using mean field variational inference with a sensitivity analysis to reduce the parameter space. The results show that the inference method can accurately identify many of the model parameters, and the model is accurate even when the network is modified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23052416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T03:59:16Z","timestamp":1677038356000},"page":"2416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Industrial PLC Network Modeling and Parameter Identification Using Sensitivity Analysis and Mean Field Variational Inference"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5392-6542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raelynn","family":"Wonnacott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2962-1252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David S.","family":"Ching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3963-6087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Chilleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7219-7736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosmin","family":"Safta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2710-0971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lee","family":"Rashkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2771-6653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Reichardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2011.2109670","article-title":"For the grid and through the grid: The role of power line communications in the smart grid","volume":"99","author":"Galli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. 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