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monitor the status of aquaculture objects in recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs). Due to their high density and a high degree of intensification, aquaculture objects in such systems need to be monitored for a long time period to prevent losses caused by various factors. Object detection algorithms are gradually being used in the aquaculture industry, but it is difficult to achieve good results for scenes with high density and complex environments. This paper proposes a monitoring method for Larimichthys crocea in a RAS, which includes the detection and tracking of abnormal behavior. The improved YOLOX-S is used to detect Larimichthys crocea with abnormal behavior in real time. Aiming to solve the problems of stacking, deformation, occlusion, and too-small objects in a fishpond, the object detection algorithm used is improved by modifying the CSP module, adding coordinate attention, and modifying the part of the structure of the neck. After improvement, the AP50 reaches 98.4% and AP50:95 is also 16.2% higher than the original algorithm. In terms of tracking, due to the similarity in the fish\u2019s appearance, Bytetrack is used to track the detected objects, avoiding the ID switching caused by re-identification using appearance features. In the actual RAS environment, both MOTA and IDF1 can reach more than 95% under the premise of fully meeting real-time tracking, and the ID of the tracked Larimichthys crocea with abnormal behavior can be maintained stably. Our work can identify and track the abnormal behavior of fish efficiently, and this will provide data support for subsequent automatic treatment, thus avoiding loss expansion and improving the production efficiency of RASs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23052835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T02:28:34Z","timestamp":1678069714000},"page":"2835","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Abnormal Behavior Monitoring Method of Larimichthys crocea in Recirculating Aquaculture System Based on Computer Vision"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Zhongchao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fishery Research Institute of Zhoushan, Zhoushan 316021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuxiang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiye","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fishery Research Institute of Zhoushan, Zhoushan 316021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fishery Research Institute of Zhoushan, Zhoushan 316021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jicong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiapeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4489-2322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fengjuan","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Communications and Electronics Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0527-5084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04331-3","article-title":"Aquaculture will continue to depend more on land than sea","volume":"603","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.126604","article-title":"Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS): Environmental solution and climate change adaptation","volume":"297","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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