{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T15:34:37Z","timestamp":1776872077770,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005632","name":"National Centre for Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POIR.04.01.04-00-0067\/18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POIR.04.01.04-00-0067\/18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Baler-wrappers are machines designed to produce high-quality forage, in accordance with the requirements of sustainable agriculture. Their complicated structure, and significant loads occurring during operation, prompted the creation of systems for controlling the machines\u2019 processes and measuring the most important work parameters, in this work. The compaction control system is based on a signal from the force sensors. It allows for detection differences in the compression of the bale and additionally protects against overload. The method of measuring the swath size, with the use of a 3D camera, was presented. Scanning the surface and travelled distance allows for estimating the volume of the collected material\u2014making it possible to create yield maps (precision farming). It is also used to vary the dosage of ensilage agents, that control the fodder formation process, in relation to the moisture and temperature of the material. The paper also deals with the issue of measuring the weight of the bales\u2014securing the machine against overload and collecting data for planning the bales\u2019 transport. The machine, equipped with the above-mentioned systems, allows for safer and more efficient work, and provides information about the state of the crop in relation to a geographical position, which allows for further inferences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23062992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T02:05:54Z","timestamp":1678413954000},"page":"2992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Control and Measurement Systems Supporting the Production of Haylage in Baler-Wrapper Machines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2552-5984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Zawada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7809-683X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Nijak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Control, Robotics and Electrical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0888-9268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Mac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5516-5070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Szczepaniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8973-5035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanis\u0142aw","family":"Legutko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4650-2885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Go\u015bcia\u0144ska-\u0141owi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0081-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Szymczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4734-3173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Ka\u017amierczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4901-7051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miko\u0142aj","family":"Zwierzy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0561-3941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"Wojciechowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5554-3836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Szulc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2932-6763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roman","family":"Rogacki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Agricultural and Food Technology, \u0141ukasiewicz Research Network, Poznan Institute of Technology, 61-755 Poznan, 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