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The measurement of ocean color changes enables monitoring of these constituents (dissolved or particulate materials). The main objective of this research is to use digital images to estimate the light attenuation coefficient (Kd), the Secchi disk depth (ZSD), and the chlorophyll a (Chla) concentration and to optically classify plots of seawater using the criteria proposed by Jerlov and Forel using digital images captured at the ocean surface. The database used in this study was obtained from seven oceanographic cruises performed in oceanic and coastal areas. Three approaches were developed for each parameter: a general approach that can be applied under any optical condition, one for oceanic conditions, and another for coastal conditions. The results of the coastal approach showed higher correlations between the modeled and validation data, with rp values of 0.80 for Kd, 0.90 for ZSD, 0.85 for Chla, 0.73 for Jerlov, and 0.95 for Forel\u2013Ule. The oceanic approach failed to detect significant changes in a digital photograph. The most precise results were obtained when images were captured at 45\u00b0 (n = 22; Fr\u00a0cal=11.02&gt;Fr\u00a0crit=5.99). Therefore, to ensure precise results, the angle of photography is key. This methodology can be used in citizen science programs to estimate ZSD, Kd, and the Jerlov scale.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23063199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T02:59:26Z","timestamp":1679021966000},"page":"3199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Use of Digital Images as a Low-Cost System to Estimate Surface Optical Parameters in the Ocean"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9592-035X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandra","family":"Castillo-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1882-7714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Santamar\u00eda-del-\u00c1ngel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7817-5343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Silvera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9312-5336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Aguilar-Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Water Engineering and Environment (IIAMA), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2517-7086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Lopez-Calderon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8042-5628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda-Teresa","family":"Sebasti\u00e1-Frasquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 per a la Gesti\u00f3 Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), 46730 Grau de Gandia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Sebasti\u00e1-Frasquet, M.T. 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