{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T23:14:00Z","timestamp":1773789240284,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI","award":["18H03759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18H03759"]}]},{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI","award":["19J13489"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19J13489"]}]},{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI","award":["20K15152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K15152"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>It is expected that human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) can be used to treat serious heart diseases. However, the properties and functions of human adult cardiomyocytes and hiPSC-CMs, including cell maturation, differ. In this study, we focused on the temperature dependence of hiPSC-CMs by integrating the temperature regulation system into our sensor platform, which can directly and quantitatively measure their mechanical motion. We measured the beating frequency of hiPSC-CMs at different environmental temperatures and found that the beating frequency increased as the temperature increased. Although the rate at which the beating frequency increased with temperature varied, the temperature at which the beating stopped was relatively stable at approximately 20 \u00b0C. The stopping of beating at this temperature was stable, even in immature hiPSC-CMs, and was considered to be a primitive property of cardiomyocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23073370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T02:35:26Z","timestamp":1679538926000},"page":"3370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Temperature Dependence of the Beating Frequency of hiPSC-CMs Using a MEMS Force Sensor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ryota","family":"Ikegami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Robotics, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu 939-0398, Japan"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Tsukagoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Robotics, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu 939-0398, Japan"}]},{"given":"Kenei","family":"Matsudaira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan"}]},{"given":"Kayoko Hirayama","family":"Shoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0754-3281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan"}]},{"given":"Thanh-Vinh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sensing System Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8564, Japan"}]},{"given":"Takumi","family":"Tamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Robotics, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu 939-0398, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3664-8373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ken\u2019ichi","family":"Koyanagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Robotics, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu 939-0398, Japan"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Oshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Robotics, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu 939-0398, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0116-3085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isao","family":"Shimoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu 939-0398, Japan"},{"name":"The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2733","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000068356.38592.68","article-title":"Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to cardiomyocytes: Role of coculture with visceral endoderm-like cells","volume":"107","author":"Mummery","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.418","article-title":"Induction of pluripotent stem cells from fibroblast cultures","volume":"2","author":"Takahashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. 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