{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:41:36Z","timestamp":1760125296045,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62171468"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62171468"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, a high-accuracy localization problem under a complex non-line-of-sight (NLOS) condition is addressed by a new method that utilizes multiple NLOS paths to improve localization accuracy, as opposed to the traditional method of suppressing them. The spatial multi-path array fusion localization model is presented and analyzed, followed by an angle-of-arrival (AOA) and time-of-arrival (TOA) algorithm based on spatial multi-information fusion that seeks to improve localization accuracy. Multi-path of spatial signals, measurement of the multi-element antenna, and geographic environment information are integrated into the proposed method for localization optimization. Simulation experiments were carried out, and the results revealed that the proposed algorithm is capable of making full use of spatial multi-location information for localization, thus improving the accuracy of localization in a the NLOS environment effectively and increasing the locatable probability of complex environment localization applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23073482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T03:01:14Z","timestamp":1679886074000},"page":"3482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Spatial Multi-Source Information Fusion Localization Algorithm in Non-Line-of-Sight Environments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jianhui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2947-0239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Weijia","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ast.2020.106315","article-title":"GPS multipath and NLOS mitigation for relative positioning in urban environments","volume":"107","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aerosp. 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