{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T23:25:14Z","timestamp":1772234714239,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brasil (CAPES)","award":["76, de 14\/04\/2010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["76, de 14\/04\/2010"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brasil (CAPES)","award":["23106.011913\/2023-73"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23106.011913\/2023-73"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brasil (CAPES)","award":["03\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03\/2016"]}]},{"name":"Decanato de Pesquisa e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o e de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o","award":["76, de 14\/04\/2010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["76, de 14\/04\/2010"]}]},{"name":"Decanato de Pesquisa e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o e de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o","award":["23106.011913\/2023-73"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23106.011913\/2023-73"]}]},{"name":"Decanato de Pesquisa e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o e de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o","award":["03\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03\/2016"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio \u00e0 Pesquisa do Distrito Federal","award":["76, de 14\/04\/2010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["76, de 14\/04\/2010"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio \u00e0 Pesquisa do Distrito Federal","award":["23106.011913\/2023-73"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23106.011913\/2023-73"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio \u00e0 Pesquisa do Distrito Federal","award":["03\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03\/2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article proposes the evaluation of the passive movement of the affected elbow during the pendulum test in people with stroke and its correlation with the main clinical scales (Modified Ashworth Scale, Motor Activity Log, and Fulg Meyer). An inertial sensor was attached to the forearm of seven subjects, who then passively flexed and extended the elbow. Joint angles and variables that indicate viscoelastic properties, stiffness (K), damping (B), E1 amp, F1 amp, and relaxation indices were collected. The results show that the FM scale is significantly correlated with the natural frequency (p = 0.024). The MAL amount-of-use score correlates with the natural frequency (p = 0.024). The variables E1 amp, F1 amp, RI, and ERI are not correlated with the clinical scales, but they correlate with each other; the variable E1 amp correlates with F1 amp (p = 0.024) and RI (p = 0.024), while F1 amp correlates with ERI (p = 0.024). There was also a correlation between the natural frequency and K (r = 0.96, p = 0.003). Non-linear results were found for the properties of the elbow joint during the pendulum test, which may be due to the presence of neural and non-neural factors. These results may serve as a reference for future studies if alternative scales do not provide an accurate reflection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23073487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T03:01:14Z","timestamp":1679886074000},"page":"3487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Assessment of Passive Upper Limb Stiffness and Its Function in Post-Stroke Individuals Wearing an Inertial Sensor during the Pendulum Test"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5268-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milene Soares Nogueira","family":"de Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Health Sciences and Technologies, Faculdade de Ceil\u00e2ndia, Universidade de Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Clarissa Cardoso","family":"dos Santos Couto Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Course of Physiotherapy, Faculdade de Ceil\u00e2ndia, Universidade de Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70719-080, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Thais Gontijo","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secretaria de Sa\u00fade do Distrito Federal, Bras\u00edlia 72445-020, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9858-9009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emerson","family":"Fachin-Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Course of Physiotherapy, Faculdade de Ceil\u00e2ndia, Universidade de Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70719-080, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S104","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.000037","article-title":"Motor System Plasticity in Stroke Models: Intrinsically Use-Dependent, Unreliably Useful","volume":"44","author":"Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(94)90108-2","article-title":"Compensation in Recovery of Upper Extremity Function after Stroke: The Copenhagen Stroke Study","volume":"75","author":"Nakayma","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. 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