{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:02:49Z","timestamp":1760148169483,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003443","name":"The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["075-15-2020-788"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2020-788"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003443","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A smart city has a complex hierarchical communication system with various components. It must meet the requirements of fast connection, reliability, and security without data compromise. Internet of Things technology is widely used to provide connectivity and control solutions for smart sensors and other devices using heterogeneous networking technologies. In this paper, we propose a routing solution for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANET) with increasing speed, reliability, and sufficient security. Many routing protocols have been proposed for WSNs and MANETs. We combine the Secret Sharing Schemes (SSS) and Redundant Residual Number Systems (RRNS) to provide an efficient mechanism for a Distributed dynamic heterogeneous network Transmission (DT) with new security and reliability routing protocol (DT-RRNS). We analyze the concept of data transmission based on RRNS that divides data into smaller encoded shares and transmits them in parallel, protecting them from attacks on routes by adaptive multipath secured transmission and providing self-correcting properties that improve the reliability and fault tolerance of the entire system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23073738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T02:11:41Z","timestamp":1680660701000},"page":"3738","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["DT-RRNS: Routing Protocol Design for Secure and Reliable Distributed Smart Sensors Communication Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Andrei","family":"Gladkov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, North-Caucasus Federal University, 355017 Stavropol, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Egor","family":"Shiriaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, North-Caucasus Federal University, 355017 Stavropol, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5029-5212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei","family":"Tchernykh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Department, CICESE Research Center, Ensenada 22860, Mexico"},{"name":"Control\/Management and Applied Mathematics, Ivannikov Institute for System Programming, 109004 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6761-3667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxim","family":"Deryabin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computing Platform Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon 16678, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7066-0061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikhail","family":"Babenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North-Caucasus Center for Mathematical Research, North-Caucasus Federal University, 355017 Stavropol, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8146-4012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Nesmachnow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1080\/17508975.2011.586671","article-title":"From Intelligent to Smart Cities","volume":"3","author":"Deakin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Intell. 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