{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T04:25:47Z","timestamp":1774671947626,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Global concerns regarding environmental preservation and energy sustainability have emerged due to the various impacts of constantly increasing energy demands and climate changes. With advancements in smart grid, edge computing, and Metaverse-based technologies, it has become apparent that conventional private power networks are insufficient to meet the demanding requirements of industrial applications. The unique capabilities of 5G, such as numerous connections, high reliability, low latency, and large bandwidth, make it an excellent choice for smart grid services. The 5G network industry will heavily rely on the Internet of Things (IoT) to progress, which will act as a catalyst for the development of the future smart grid. This comprehensive platform will not only include communication infrastructure for smart grid edge computing, but also Metaverse platforms. Therefore, optimizing the IoT is crucial to achieve a sustainable edge computing network. This paper presents the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a super-efficient GSM triplexer for 5G-enabled IoT in sustainable smart grid edge computing and the Metaverse. This component is intended to operate at 0.815\/1.58\/2.65 GHz for 5G applications. The physical layout of our triplexer is new, and it is presented for the first time in this work. The overall size of our triplexer is only 0.007 \u03bbg2, which is the smallest compared to the previous works. The proposed triplexer has very low insertion losses of 0.12 dB, 0.09 dB, and 0.42 dB at the first, second, and third channels, respectively. We achieved the minimum insertion losses compared to previous triplexers. Additionally, the common port return losses (RLs) were better than 26 dB at all channels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23073775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T08:41:52Z","timestamp":1680770512000},"page":"3775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["A Super-Efficient GSM Triplexer for 5G-Enabled IoT in Sustainable Smart Grid Edge Computing and the Metaverse"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5312-6497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad (Behdad)","family":"Jamshidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitn\u00ed 22, 306 14 Pilsen, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2724-5118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salah I.","family":"Yahya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication and Computer Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq"},{"name":"Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Iraq"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4034-9437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leila","family":"Nouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam"},{"name":"School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2056-2388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamed","family":"Hashemi-Dezaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Innovation Center for Electrical Engineering (RICE), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of West Bohemia (UWB), 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0642-6726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbas","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah 6715685420, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6063-3377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Akmal","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-018-0179-z","article-title":"Energy investment needs for fulfilling the Paris Agreement and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"3","author":"McCollum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Energy"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/499145a","article-title":"The smart-grid solution","volume":"499","author":"Amin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Carrillo, D., Kalalas, C., Raussi, P., Michalopoulos, D.S., Rodr\u00edguez, D.Z., Kokkoniemi-Tarkkanen, H., Ahola, K., Nardelli, P.H., Fraidenraich, G., and Popovski, P. (2022). 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