{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T17:23:31Z","timestamp":1771262611989,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022NSFSC0536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022NSFSC0536"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202244"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TPL2203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TPL2203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Liaoning Provincial Transportation Technology Project","award":["2022NSFSC0536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022NSFSC0536"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Provincial Transportation Technology Project","award":["202244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202244"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Provincial Transportation Technology Project","award":["TPL2203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TPL2203"]}]},{"name":"Traction Power State Key Laboratory of Southwest Jiaotong University","award":["2022NSFSC0536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022NSFSC0536"]}]},{"name":"Traction Power State Key Laboratory of Southwest Jiaotong University","award":["202244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202244"]}]},{"name":"Traction Power State Key Laboratory of Southwest Jiaotong University","award":["TPL2203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TPL2203"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To overcome the sensitivity of voltage source inverters (VSIs) to parameter perturbations and their susceptibility to load variations, a fast terminal sliding mode control (FTSMC) method is proposed as the core and combined with an improved nonlinear extended state observer (NLESO) to resist aggregate system perturbations. Firstly, a mathematical model of the dynamics of a single-phase voltage type inverter is constructed using a state-space averaging approach. Secondly, an NLESO is designed to estimate the lumped uncertainty using the saturation properties of hyperbolic tangent functions. Finally, a sliding mode control method with a fast terminal attractor is proposed to improve the dynamic tracking of the system. It is shown that the NLESO guarantees convergence of the estimation error and effectively preserves the initial derivative peak. The FTSMC enables the output voltage with high tracking accuracy and low total harmonic distortion and enhances the anti-disturbance ability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23083951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T02:03:38Z","timestamp":1681437818000},"page":"3951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A New Fast Control Strategy of Terminal Sliding Mode with Nonlinear Extended State Observer for Voltage Source Inverter"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Chunguang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China"},{"name":"Traction Power State Key Laboratory, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donglin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huayue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2013.2295514","article-title":"Trends in microgrid control","volume":"5","author":"Olivares","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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