{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:05:33Z","timestamp":1760148333123,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001459","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOE2019-T2-1-019 (S)","KAKENHI #15H03104","19H04025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOE2019-T2-1-019 (S)","KAKENHI #15H03104","19H04025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001459","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Singapore and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["MOE2019-T2-1-019 (S)","KAKENHI #15H03104","19H04025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOE2019-T2-1-019 (S)","KAKENHI #15H03104","19H04025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The posterior-to-anterior shift in aging (PASA) effect is seen as a compensatory model that enables older adults to meet increased cognitive demands to perform comparably as their young counterparts. However, empirical support for the PASA effect investigating age-related changes in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), hippocampus, and parahippocampus has yet to be established. 33 older adults and 48 young adults were administered tasks sensitive to novelty and relational processing of indoor\/outdoor scenes in a 3-Tesla MRI scanner. Functional activation and connectivity analyses were applied to examine the age-related changes on the IFG, hippocampus, and parahippocampus among low\/high-performing older adults and young adults. Significant parahippocampal activation was generally found in both older (high-performing) and young adults for novelty and relational processing of scenes. Younger adults had significantly greater IFG and parahippocampal activation than older adults, and greater parahippocampal activation compared to low-performing older adults for relational processing\u2014providing partial support for the PASA model. Observations of significant functional connectivity within the medial temporal lobe and greater negative left IFG-right hippocampus\/parahippocampus functional connectivity for young compared to low-performing older adults for relational processing also supports the PASA effect partially.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23084107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T02:01:11Z","timestamp":1681956071000},"page":"4107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Age-Related Changes in Episodic Processing of Scenes: A Functional Activation and Connectivity Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4062-6679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Miyakoshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA"},{"name":"Department of Gerontechnology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Ohbu 474-8511, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josephine Astrid","family":"Archer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639818, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8237-4038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiao-Yi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Child Development, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiharu","family":"Nakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gerontechnology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Ohbu 474-8511, Aichi, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Dental Radiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"Institute of NeuroImaging & Informatics, Ohbu 474-8511, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1540-5516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shen-Hsing Annabel","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639818, Singapore"},{"name":"Centre for Research and Development in Learning, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637335, Singapore"},{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-01-00391.1997","article-title":"Age-related differences in neural activity during memory encoding and retrieval: A positron emission tomography study","volume":"17","author":"Cabeza","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. 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