{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T04:41:21Z","timestamp":1785213681619,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]],"date-time":"2023-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Biomagnetism is the measurement of the weak magnetic fields produced by nerves and muscle. The magnetic field of the heart\u2014the magnetocardiogram (MCG)\u2014is the largest biomagnetic signal generated by the body and was the first measured. Magnetic fields have been detected from isolated tissue, such as a peripheral nerve or cardiac muscle, and these studies have provided insights into the fundamental properties of biomagnetism. The magnetic field of the brain\u2014the magnetoencephalogram (MEG)\u2014has generated much interest and has potential clinical applications to epilepsy, migraine, and psychiatric disorders. The biomagnetic inverse problem, calculating the electrical sources inside the brain from magnetic field recordings made outside the head, is difficult, but several techniques have been introduced to solve it. Traditionally, biomagnetic fields are recorded using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometers, but recently, new sensors have been developed that allow magnetic measurements without the cryogenic technology required for SQUIDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23094218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T03:04:08Z","timestamp":1682305448000},"page":"4218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Biomagnetism: The First Sixty Years"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4321-9806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bradley J.","family":"Roth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(63)90075-9","article-title":"Detection of the magnetic field of the heart","volume":"66","author":"Baule","year":"1963","journal-title":"Am. 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