{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:07:03Z","timestamp":1760148423527,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation, Division of Electrical, Communications &amp; Cyber Systems","award":["1809623"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1809623"]}]},{"name":"\u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d University grants","award":["1809623"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1809623"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Many skeletal muscle diseases such as muscular dystrophy, myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME\/CFS), and sarcopenia share the dysregulation of calcium (Ca2+) as a key mechanism of disease at a cellular level. Cytosolic concentrations of Ca2+ can signal dysregulation in organelles including the mitochondria, nucleus, and sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle. In this work, a treatment is applied to mimic the Ca2+ increase associated with these atrophy-related disease states, and broadband impedance measurements are taken for single cells with and without this treatment using a microfluidic device. The resulting impedance measurements are fitted using a single-shell circuit simulation to show calculated electrical dielectric property contributions based on these Ca2+ changes. From this, similar distributions were seen in the Ca2+ from fluorescence measurements and the distribution of the S-parameter at a single frequency, identifying Ca2+ as the main contributor to the electrical differences being identified. Extracted dielectric parameters also showed different distribution patterns between the untreated and ionomycin-treated groups; however, the overall electrical parameters suggest the impact of Ca2+-induced changes at a wider range of frequencies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23094358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T04:36:15Z","timestamp":1682656575000},"page":"4358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Broadband Electrical Spectroscopy to Distinguish Single-Cell Ca2+ Changes Due to Ionomycin Treatment in a Skeletal Muscle Cell Line"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Caroline A.","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Santangelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Marramiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Farina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering of Information, University Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7507-1255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiziana","family":"Pietrangelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6331-8572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuanhong","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA"},{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1395.037","article-title":"Age-Dependent Effects on Functional Aspects in Human Satellite Cells","volume":"1100","author":"Beccafico","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. 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