{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T03:52:45Z","timestamp":1762660365875,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]],"date-time":"2023-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation","award":["4214095","2022YFB32007300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4214095","2022YFB32007300"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["4214095","2022YFB32007300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4214095","2022YFB32007300"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A prototype optical bionic microphone with a dual-channel Mach\u2013Zehnder interferometric (MZI) transducer was designed and prepared for the first time using a silicon diaphragm made by microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology. The MEMS diaphragm mimicked the structure of the fly Ormia Ochracea\u2019s coupling eardrum, consisting of two square wings connected through a neck that is anchored via the two torsional beams to the silicon pedestal. The vibrational displacement of each wing at its distal edge relative to the silicon pedestal is detected with one channel of the dual-channel MZI transducer. The diaphragm at rest is coplanar with the silicon pedestal, resulting in an initial phase difference of zero for each channel of the dual-channel MZI transducer and consequently offering the microphone strong temperature robustness. The two channels of the prototype microphone show good consistency in their responses to incident sound signals; they have the rocking and bending resonance frequencies of 482 Hz and 1911 Hz, and their pressure sensitivities at a lower frequency exhibit an \u201c8\u201d-shaped directional dependence. The comparison indicates that the dual-channel MZI transducer-based bionic microphone proposed in this work is advantageous over the Fabry\u2013Perot interferometric transducer-based counterparts extensively reported.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23094416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T12:12:11Z","timestamp":1682943131000},"page":"4416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prototype Optical Bionic Microphone with a Dual-Channel Mach\u2013Zehnder Interferometric Transducer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0737-2798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kangning","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linsen","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi-mei","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Valin, J., Michaud, F., Rouat, J., and Letourneau, D. 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