{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T11:00:40Z","timestamp":1770462040022,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]],"date-time":"2023-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National High-Tech Research"},{"name":"Development Program of China"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The communication range of magnetic-induction (MI) technology in extreme environments such as underwater or underground is limited by the dipole-like attenuation behavior of the magnetic field as well as the eddy current induced loss in conductive media, and therefore a highly sensitive receiver is generally required. In this work, we propose the use of a highly sensitive superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) in MI communication and try to provide a comprehensive investigation on developing a SQUID-based receiver for practical MI applications. A portable receiver scheme integrating a SQUID sensor and a coil-based flux transformer was proposed. The high sensitivity and long-range communication capability of the proposed receiver was experimentally demonstrated by spectroscopic measurements and reception experiments on a receiver prototype. Based on the experimental demonstrations, the sensitivity optimization of the proposed scheme was further investigated by simulation studies, which suggest that a communication distance exceeding 100 m and a channel capacity of \u223c20 kb\/s in underwater environment could be achieved based upon the optimization of the developed prototype. The results presented in this work have highlighted the potential of deploying SQUID sensors for long-range MI applications in extreme environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23094434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T12:12:11Z","timestamp":1682943131000},"page":"4434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Development of an HTS-SQUID-Based Receiver for Long-Range Magnetic Induction Communication in Extreme Environments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Yulong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Superconductivity Center and State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6167-0994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiequan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Superconductivity Center and State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Superconductivity Center and State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Furen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Superconductivity Center and State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zizhao","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Superconductivity Center and State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1063\/1.555853","article-title":"The Dielectric Constant of Water and Debye H\u00fcckel Limiting Law Slopes","volume":"19","author":"Archer","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. 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