{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T03:08:28Z","timestamp":1777432108812,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)","award":["411333557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["411333557"]}]},{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)","award":["490839860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["490839860"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wearable electroencephalography (EEG) has the potential to improve everyday life through brain\u2013computer interfaces (BCI) for applications such as sleep improvement, adaptive hearing aids, or thought-based digital device control. To make these innovations more practical for everyday use, researchers are looking to miniaturized, concealed EEG systems that can still collect neural activity precisely. For example, researchers are using flexible EEG electrode arrays that can be attached around the ear (cEEGrids) to study neural activations in everyday life situations. However, the use of such concealed EEG approaches is limited by measurement challenges such as reduced signal amplitudes and high recording system costs. In this article, we compare the performance of a lower-cost open-source amplification system, the OpenBCI Cyton+Daisy boards, with a benchmark amplifier, the MBrainTrain Smarting Mobi. Our results show that the OpenBCI system is a viable alternative for concealed EEG research, with highly similar noise performance, but slightly lower timing precision. This system can be a great option for researchers with a smaller budget and can, therefore, contribute significantly to advancing concealed EEG research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23094559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T03:00:28Z","timestamp":1683514828000},"page":"4559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A Systematic Comparison of High-End and Low-Cost EEG Amplifiers for Concealed, Around-the-Ear EEG Recordings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7148-5138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Thomas","family":"Knierim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Information Systems & Marketing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6933-9238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin Georg","family":"Bleichner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology of Everyday Life Group, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany"},{"name":"Research Center for Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3041-4004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Reali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, J., Kwon, M., and Jun, S.C. 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