{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T16:32:02Z","timestamp":1772641922040,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Fund for Safe Production of the China Communications Construction Corporation","award":["BC2020000583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BC2020000583"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Starting from the need for emergency rescue information transmission in tunnel engineering accidents, this article focuses on researching and solving the technical problems of information transmission between rescue personnel and trapped personnel after tunnel engineering collapse accidents, before and during the rescue process. The research objects are the information transmission channel and grounding electrode in the earth current field information transmission technology, and the electromagnetic characteristics of the earth medium and the electrical performance of the grounding electrode are studied and analyzed using the electromagnetic simulation software Maxwell based on finite element algorithm, establish a three-dimensional model based on the transmission of current field information of the ground electrode, analyze the effects of the electrode array, electrode depth, and radius on impedance. Research has shown that the impedance of the earth is related to the resistivity of the medium and is not a human-controllable factor. To reduce the contact impedance of an electric dipole antenna, one should start with the contact impedance of the earth electrode. The impedance of the transmitting end is an important factor affecting the efficiency of information transmission; parallel connection of multiple grounding electrodes, increasing the depth of grounding electrode penetration into the soil layer, and increasing the radius between grounding electrode pairs are all effective methods to reduce the contact impedance of electric dipole antennas, thereby improving information transmission capacity. To achieve wireless information transmission through the stratum, by appropriately selecting the operating frequency of electromagnetic waves, a certain distance of signal transmission can be achieved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23135936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]],"date-time":"2023-06-27T02:11:22Z","timestamp":1687831882000},"page":"5936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Research on Channel Characteristics and Electrode Electrical Performance of Earth Current Field Information Transmission Technology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1060-8506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingang","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"China Communications Information Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 101300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2303-9787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhong","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of High Dynamic Navigation Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of High Dynamic Navigation Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Communications Information Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 101300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaowen","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of High Dynamic Navigation Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Galaxy Intelligent Digital Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Wei, Z. 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