{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:27:28Z","timestamp":1768350448486,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["NSTC 111-2221-E-259-006-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 111-2221-E-259-006-MY3"]}]},{"name":"the National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["NSTC 111-2926-I-259-501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 111-2926-I-259-501"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Blockchain has become a well-known, secured, decentralized datastore in many domains, including medical, industrial, and especially the financial field. However, to meet the requirements of different fields, platforms that are built on blockchain technology must provide functions and characteristics with a wide variety of options. Although they may share similar technology at the fundamental level, the differences among them make data or transaction exchange challenging. Cross-chain transactions have become a commonly utilized function, while at the same time, some have pointed out its security loopholes. It is evident that a secure transaction scheme is desperately needed. However, what about those nodes that do not behave? It is clear that not only a secure transaction scheme is necessary, but also a system that can gradually eliminate malicious players is of dire need. At the same time, integrating different blockchain systems can be difficult due to their independent architectures, and cross-chain transactions can be at risk if malicious attackers try to control the nodes in the cross-chain system. In this paper, we propose a dynamic reputation management scheme based on the past transaction behaviors of nodes. These behaviors serve as the basis for evaluating a node\u2019s reputation to support the decision on malicious behavior and enable the system to intercept it in a timely manner. Furthermore, to establish a reputation index with high precision and flexibility, we integrate Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) into our proposed scheme. This allows our system to meet the needs of a wide variety of blockchain platforms. Overall, the article highlights the importance of securing cross-chain transactions and proposes a method to prevent misbehavior by evaluating and managing node reputation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23136033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T01:14:12Z","timestamp":1688087652000},"page":"6033","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Trusted Reputation Management Scheme for Cross-Chain Transactions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Kuongho","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ezPay Co., Ltd., Taipei 11578, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Information Management, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin-Fa","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Management, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wayne","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunhua","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Computer Science, University of Aizu, Fukushima 965-0006, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0598-761X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuo-Hui","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Management, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3222-1708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han-Chieh","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Management, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Computer Science and Innovation, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 5600, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Nakamoto, S. 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