{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:17:51Z","timestamp":1760149071109,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), Taiwan","award":["110-2221-E-035-047","111-2221-E-035-051","VIT-AP\/SPORIC\/RGEMS\/2022-23\/011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2221-E-035-047","111-2221-E-035-051","VIT-AP\/SPORIC\/RGEMS\/2022-23\/011"]}]},{"name":"VIT-AP University for the financial support through RGEMS","award":["110-2221-E-035-047","111-2221-E-035-051","VIT-AP\/SPORIC\/RGEMS\/2022-23\/011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2221-E-035-047","111-2221-E-035-051","VIT-AP\/SPORIC\/RGEMS\/2022-23\/011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Miniature sensors are key components for applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks, autonomous vehicles, smart cities, and smart manufacturing. As a miniature and self-powered magnetic sensor, the Wiegand sensor possesses advantageous traits including changing-rate-independent output, low cost, and remarkable repeatability and reliability. A typical Wiegand sensor requires hard magnetic pole pieces that provide external fields for triggering voltage outputs that are called Wiegand pulses. However, the wire-shaped sensing element of Wiegand sensors is the critical issue that limits the design, selection, and adoption of the external triggering magnets. Currently, the widely used pole piece materials are rare-earth magnets. However, adopting rare-earth magnets brings strong stray fields, causing an electromagnetic interference (EMI) problem. In this study, patterned CoNiP hard magnets were electrodeposited on flexible substrates through microfabrication. Origami magnetization was utilized to control the resultant stray fields and thus the pole piece of CoNiP magnets can successfully trigger the output of the Wiegand pulse. In comparison, the output voltage of the triggered pulse acquired through the patterned CoNiP magnets is comparable to that acquired by using the rare-earth magnets. Furthermore, both the volume (and hence the weight) of the Wiegand sensor and the EMI issue can be significantly reduced and mitigated, respectively, by the CoNiP magnets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23136043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T01:14:12Z","timestamp":1688087652000},"page":"6043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Triggering Magnets for Wiegand Sensors: Electrodeposited and Origami-Magnetized CoNiP Micro-Magnets"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ganesh","family":"Kotnana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT-AP University, Amaravati 522237, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4062-0568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiao-Chi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"022005","DOI":"10.1088\/2631-8695\/ac0838","article-title":"Magnetic sensors-A review and recent technologies","volume":"3","author":"Mohammed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eng. 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