{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T06:23:20Z","timestamp":1780727000675,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme","award":["833787"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["833787"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Methamphetamine (MAP) is a highly addictive and illegal stimulant drug that has a significant impact on the central nervous system. Its detection in biological and street samples is crucial for various organizations involved in forensic medicine, anti-drug efforts, and clinical diagnosis. In recent years, nanotechnology and nanomaterials have played a significant role in the development of analytical sensors for MAP detection. In this study, a fast, simple, and cost-effective electrochemical sensor is presented that is used for the sensitive detection of MAP in confiscated street samples with a complex matrix. The optimized screen-printed sensor based on a carbon working electrode modified with graphene demonstrated an excellent limit of detection, good sensitivity, and a wide dynamic range (1\u2013500 \u03bcM) for the target illicit drug both for standard solutions and real samples (seized samples, tap water, and wastewater samples). It can detect MAP at concentrations as low as 300 nM in real samples. This limit of detection is suitable for the rapid preliminary screening of suspicious samples in customs, ports, airports, and on the street. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits a good recovery rate, indicating its reliability and repeatability. This quality is crucial for ensuring consistent and accurate results during screening processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23136193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T01:57:09Z","timestamp":1688695029000},"page":"6193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Electrochemical Rapid Detection of Methamphetamine from Confiscated Samples Using a Graphene-Based Printed Platform"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Florina","family":"Truta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Iuliu Ha\u021bieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1488-5917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana-Maria","family":"Dr\u0103gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Iuliu Ha\u021bieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"A-Sense Lab, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010 Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2572-6724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihaela","family":"Tertis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Iuliu Ha\u021bieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1344-8432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Parrilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A-Sense Lab, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010 Antwerp, Belgium"},{"name":"NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010 Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amorn","family":"Slosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Criminalistics and Criminology (NICC), Vilvoordsesteenweg 100, 1120 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Van Durme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Criminalistics and Criminology (NICC), Vilvoordsesteenweg 100, 1120 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolien","family":"de Wael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A-Sense Lab, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010 Antwerp, Belgium"},{"name":"NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010 Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4158-3324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Cristea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Iuliu Ha\u021bieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"34","article-title":"Electrochemical behavior of methamphetamine and its voltammetric determination in biological samples using self-assembled boron-doped diamond electrode","volume":"717","author":"Vojs","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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