{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T16:36:06Z","timestamp":1774542966092,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, a new monitoring system is developed for bearing fault detection in high-speed trains. Firstly, a data acquisition system is developed to collect vibration and other related signals wirelessly. Secondly, a new multiple correlation analysis (MCA) technique is proposed for bearing fault detection. The MCA technique consists of the three processing steps: (1) the collected vibration signal is decomposed by variational modal decomposition (VMD) to formulate the representative intrinsic mode functions (IMFs); (2) the MCA is used to process and identify the characteristic features for signal analysis; (3) bearing fault is diagnosed by examining bearing characteristic frequency information on the envelope power spectrum. The effectiveness of the proposed MCA fault detection technique is verified by experimental tests corresponding to different bearing conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23146392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T08:40:06Z","timestamp":1689324006000},"page":"6392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A New Monitoring Technology for Bearing Fault Detection in High-Speed Trains"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2602-4540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sitong","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3304-0776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wilson","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2019.2897583","article-title":"A review of fault detection and diagnosis for the traction system in high-speed trains","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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