{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T07:22:34Z","timestamp":1782631354222,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSP2023R260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP2023R260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The demand for cybersecurity is growing to safeguard information flow and enhance data privacy. This essay suggests a novel authenticated public key elliptic curve based on a deep convolutional neural network (APK-EC-DCNN) for cybersecurity image encryption application. The public key elliptic curve discrete logarithmic problem (EC-DLP) is used for elliptic curve Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange (EC-DHKE) in order to generate a shared session key, which is used as the chaotic system\u2019s beginning conditions and control parameters. In addition, the authenticity and confidentiality can be archived based on ECC to share the parameters between two parties by using the EC-DHKE algorithm. Moreover, the 3D Quantum Chaotic Logistic Map (3D QCLM) has an extremely chaotic behavior of the bifurcation diagram and high Lyapunov exponent, which can be used in high-level security. In addition, in order to achieve the authentication property, the secure hash function uses the output sequence of the DCNN and the output sequence of the 3D QCLM in the proposed authenticated expansion diffusion matrix (AEDM). Finally, partial frequency domain encryption (PFDE) technique is achieved by using the discrete wavelet transform in order to satisfy the robustness and fast encryption process. Simulation results and security analysis demonstrate that the proposed encryption algorithm achieved the performance of the state-of-the-art techniques in terms of quality, security, and robustness against noise- and signal-processing attacks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23146589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]],"date-time":"2023-07-24T03:03:25Z","timestamp":1690167805000},"page":"6589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Authenticated Public Key Elliptic Curve Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Cybersecurity Image Encryption Application"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Esam A. A.","family":"Hagras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Aldosary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11437, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5865-3686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haitham","family":"Khaled","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communications, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarek M.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.3390\/e21080790","article-title":"A Secure and Fast Image Encryption Scheme based on Double Chaotic S-Boxes","volume":"21","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Entropy"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlastec.2017.10.024","article-title":"A combination chaotic system and application in color image encryption","volume":"101","author":"Parvaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Opt. 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